王 莺,陆荣杰,吴家森,童志鹏,姜培坤
(1. 浙江农林大学 环境与资源学院 浙江 临安 311300;2. 临安市林业局 浙江 临安 311300)
山核桃林坡地氮磷流失年动态规律初步研究
王 莺1,陆荣杰1,吴家森1,童志鹏2,姜培坤1
(1. 浙江农林大学 环境与资源学院 浙江 临安 311300;2. 临安市林业局 浙江 临安 311300)
2016年6月至2017年5月,在浙江省临安市山核桃林闭合区底部沟壑出口处设置水土流失卡口,监测山核桃林坡面氮磷径流的年动态变化。结果表明,(1)山核桃林坡面径流量和降水量存在显著的线性正相关(y = 1.351 0x + 126.040 5,R² = 0.797 9),降水量越大,产生的径流量越大;(2)径流总氮(TN)浓度在2.50 ~3.21 mg·L-1,硝态氮(浓度变化幅度为0 ~ 2.26 mg·L-1,TN和浓度的在6-8月呈递增趋势,而后下降,并保持相对稳定;径流氮元素浓度较高。(3)径流总磷(TP)浓度变化范围为0.01 ~ 0.09 mg·L-1,磷酸盐浓度变化幅度为0.01 ~ 0.02 mg·L-1,径流磷元素浓度较低。
山核桃;径流;氮;磷;流失
Abstract:A monitoring station was established in May 2016 at the closed zone of Carya cathayensis stand on slope in Lin’an, Zhejiang province, and investigation was carried out during June 2016 to May 2017 on annual changes of nitrogen and phosphorus losses. The results showed that it had significant linear positive correlation between runoff and precipitation (y = 1.351 0x + 126.040 5, R² = 0.797 9), meaning that the greater precipitation,the greater runoff. The range of total nitrogen (TN) was 2.54 - 3.47 mg·L-1, of the nitrate nitrogenconcentration was 0 - 2.79 mg·L-1. TN andconcentration increased during June to August, then declined and remained relatively stable. The concentration of N in runoff was determined higher. The total phosphorus (TP) concentration ranged from 0.01 to 0.09 mg·L-1, and phosphatefrom 0.01 to 0.02 mg·L-1. The concentration of P in runoff was determined lower.
Key words:Carya cathayensis; runoff; nitrogen; phosphorus; loss
山核桃Carya cathayensis Sarg.,是中国特有的珍稀干果和木本油料树种,自然分布于浙、皖交界的天目山脉,现有种植面积9.30万hm2[1-2]。20世纪90年代初,随着人们生活水平的提高及对保健休闲产品需求的增加,山核桃产业的经济效益明显提高,极大地增强了农民培育山核桃的积极性,山核桃林下的灌木、草本被全面清除,水土流失加剧,地表土壤侵蚀程度在中强度以上[3-4]。
近年来,大量学者针对山核桃林地土壤进行了较多研究,吴家森等[5-7]系统研究了浙江省临安市山核桃产区土壤有机碳的分布特征、集约经营和生草栽培对林地土壤有机碳及微生物功能的影响。柏兆海等、赵伟明等[8-9]对山核桃林地土壤的磷素状况及其淋失风险进行了分析。……