负责任的农地投资理念：兴起、实践与启示

王斯亮，谭术魁

（华中科技大学公共管理学院， 湖北 武汉 430074）

负责任的农地投资理念：兴起、实践与启示

王斯亮，谭术魁

（华中科技大学公共管理学院， 湖北 武汉 430074）

研究目的：追溯负责任的农地投资理念在全球范围的兴起过程，以代表性案例为基础梳理负责任的农地投资实践，揭示其对中国推进新型农地流转的启示意义。研究方法：文献梳理、案例研究、比较分析。研究结果：工商和金融资本的介入使得中国的农地流转愈发具有农地投资色彩，防范农地资本化的负面社会效应需要引入负责任的农地投资理念；负责任的农地投资实践旨在实现可持续的经济回报和社会回报，其要点体现为全周期实践、突出重点实践和循证实践。研究结论：中国应当结合国情实际，以负责任的农地投资理念为导向，着力构建“政府监管、行业自律、机构负责、社区参与”的农地投资模式。

土地管理；负责任的农地投资；农地流转；理念；实践；启示

Abstract:The purpose of this paper is to trace the rise of the philosophy of responsible farmland investment, to review the related practice on the basis of three typical cases, and to reveal implications for China’s efforts on the new pattern of farmland transfer. The methods used in this article include literature review, case study, and comparative analysis. The results are as follows. First, the involve of commercial and financial capitals adds the attribute of farmland investment on China’s farmland transfer, the philosophy of responsible investment in farmland is required to prevent the negative social effects of farmland capitalization. Second, the responsible farmland investment practice aims at achieving sustainable returns in both economic and social aspects, the points of which include full-cycle practice, emphasis-highlighted practice, and evidence-based practice. In conclusion, China should focus on building a farmland investment pattern of“government regulation, industry self-regulation, institution responsibility, and community participation”, under the guidance of the responsible farmland investment concept.

Key words:land management; responsible farmland investment; farmland transfer; philosophy; practice; implication

农地流转是优化农地资源配置、促进农村富余劳动力转移、实现农地规模经营和发展现代农业的重要途径。十八届三中全会以来，以“鼓励承包经营权在公开市场上向专业大户、家庭农场、农民合作社、农业企业流转，发展多种形式规模经营”为着力点的农地流转制度改革正步入快车道，也在悄然改变着传统的以农户间自发式、分散化、小规模流转为主的流转格局。一方面，工商资本下乡租赁农地渐成气候，2015年流入企业的农户承包地面积达到4600万亩，占流转土地总面积的10.4%[1]；……