4696例人乳头瘤病毒感染基因分型检测及分析

胡新年+欧文岳+龙辉+欧阳慧

[摘要] 目的 探讨清远地区4696例妇科门诊和体检中心就诊人群人乳头瘤病毒的感染状况和基因亚型的分布特征。 方法 采用HPV-DNA核酸分子快速杂交基因分型方法对就诊妇女的阴道分泌物进行HPV DNA分型检测。 结果 在4696名妇女中，检测出阳性的患者有831例，阳性率为17.70%，其中有342人感染两种及两种以上亚型，主要以高危型HPV感染为主。HPV 52和HPV 16是最常见的感染亚型，在感染者中分别占25.5%和13.5%。妇科门诊就诊的高危人群组的HPV感染率为20.25%，较体检组感染率12.63%高。各年龄阶段HPV感染率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 结论 清远地区女性HPV的感染率为17.7%，且以高危型感染为主，其中最为常见的感染亚型为HPV 52。

[关键词] 人乳头瘤病毒；杂交；感染；高危型

[中图分类号] R752 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 2095-0616（2017）20-20-04

Genotyping and analysis of human papillomavirus infection in 4696 cases

HU Xinnian1 OU Wenyue2 LONG Hui1 OUYANG Hui1

1.Genetic Laboratory Diagnosis Center of Prenatal Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Qingyuan，Qingyuan 511500，China；2.People's Hospital of Qingyuan Guangdong，Qingyuan 511500，China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the infection status and gene subtype distribution of HPV in 4696 cases of gynecological outpatients and physical examination centers in Qingyuan. Methods HPV DNA typing test was performed by using the HPV-DNA nucleic acid molecule fast hybridization method to detect the vaginal secretions of women. Results In 4，696 women，831 were positive， with a rate of 17.70%.In addition，there were 342 women infected with two or more subtypes，which mainly in high-risk HPV infection.HPV 52 and HPV 16，the most common subtypes，accounted for 25.5% and 13.5% respectively in these people.The rate of HPV infection in the high-risk group was 20.25%，higher than that in the physical examination group （12.63%）.There were no statistically significant differences in HPV infection rates among the various age groups（P>0.05）. Conclusion The infectious rate of female HPV in Qingyuan area was 17.7%，mainly in high-risk infection type.The most common infection subtype was HPV 52.

[Key words] HPV；Hybridization；Infection；High risk type

人乳頭瘤病毒（human papillomavirus，HPV）是一种DNA病毒，属于乳头多瘤空泡病毒科（papovaviridae），乳头瘤病毒属，主要感染人类表皮和黏膜鳞状上皮等部位，HPV在不同部位引起的病变是不一的，如在表皮引起的增生性病变称为“疣”，感染黏膜鳞状上皮则主要引起增生[1-2]。宫颈癌是全世界发病率和死亡率较高的女性生殖道恶性肿瘤之一，并且每年的增长率达到2%～3%，在我国每年就有将近13.15万例新增患者，我国宫颈癌的发生占世界总新发生率的28%，且目前已有研究表明女性感染HPV与宫颈癌的发生存在一定关联[3-6]。

目前HPV已经确定的亚型有200多种，并根据其病变部位和致病力强弱分为低危型和高危型，两者都能够促进细胞的增殖，且在临床上对……