农村基层医疗卫生服务体系建设研究

缑红霞+周晓涛

摘 要：随着国家医疗体制改革的深入，农村“看病难、看病贵”的问题较之以往有了明显改善，城市居民与农村居民在医疗服务水平享有上的差距也在逐渐的缩减，健全我国农村基层医疗卫生服务体系，建立并且完善新型农村合作医疗制度和医疗救助制度，对于预防和控制农村地区重大疾病，提高农民居民健康水平，保障农村基层医疗卫生服务的进行有重大意义。该文通过查阅相关文献、资料，以A县为调查对象，研究发现 A县基层医疗卫生服务体系中存在的问题，并针对这些问题提出了相应的对策。

關键词：农村；基层医疗卫生服务体系；甘肃

中图分类号 R197.1 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731（2017）16-0013-03

The Construction of Rural Grassroots Medical and Health Service System

——Taking A County of Gansu Province for an Example

Gou Hongxia et al.

（Gansu Agricultural University，Lanzhou 730070，China）

Abstract：With rapid development of Chinese economy and society，the issues of people′s "medical care is difficult and expensive" that has been remitted.In urban and rural，the gap of hygiene service of various people has been shrunk.Establishing and improving the new rural cooperative medical care system and medical assistance system，improving the system of rural basic level hygiene service for prevention and control of major diseases in rural areas，improving their health，protection of the system of rural basic level hygiene service have great significance.In this paper，the related documents and materials were investigated，and the problems in the primary health care service system of County A were found and the corresponding countermeasures were put forward to solve these problems.

Key words：The rural；The system of rural basic level hygiene service；Gansu Province

近年来，许多人士从不同角度对农村基层医疗卫生服务体系进行了研究探索，其中杜长宇在《农村基本医疗卫生服务供给的国际经验及对中国的启示》（2011）中，从英国、古巴和印度3个国家对基本医疗卫生服务供给做法中受启发，基于我国实际情况，提出了建设基本医疗卫生服务有效的建议，即建立财政分类投入机制，基本医疗服务责任分担机制，加强对农村医务人员的业务技术培训、鼓励医学院校毕业生到基层发展、重点加大对农村村卫生室的政策和资金支持、构建乡村医生首诊机制和双向转诊机制、并建立合理的分工机制等，以解决“大医院人满为患、基层医疗机构资源闲置”[1]的问题。同时，由于医疗卫生服务层次的高低是由基层……