张立军+李芸+戴海蓉+张艳霞
摘要:目的 通过对高乌头的本草考证,收集高乌头别名,明确药材来源,为其资源相关品种的开发提供本草学依据。方法 考证历代本草及地方本草对高乌头或其别名的描述,查阅文献明确现代研究,进行分析。结果 历代本草对高乌头的记载不够清晰,清末以后的本草开始记载,从中总结出高乌头基原、药用部位、别名、采收加工、功效及应用。结论 高乌头系毛莨科乌头属植物高乌头Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai的干燥根,具有很好的药用前景和开发价值,可以为后期临床应用与研究提供依据。
关键词:高乌头;本草考证
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2017.12.001
中图分类号:R282.1 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1005-5304(2017)12-0001-05
Herbal Textual Research on Aconitum Sinomontanum Nakai ZHANG Li-jun1, LI Yun1, DAI Hai-rong1, ZHANG Yan-xia2 (1. Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China)
Abstract: Objective To provide herbalist basis for development of resource-related varieties through the study of herbal textual research of Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai, alias and source of production. Methods Description of Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai and its alias from the ancient herbal books was analyzed. Literature was searched to clarify modern research and conduct analysis. Results Ancient herbal textual records of Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai was not clear enough. The first records about Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai started from late Qing Dynasty, from which the source of production, medicinal parts, alias, harvest processing, efficacy and application of Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai were summed up. Conclusion Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai is the dry roots of Aconitum from Ranunculaceae, which has good medicinal prospects and development value, and can provide basis and guidance for the late clinical application and research.
Key words: Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai; herbal textual research
高乌头作为一种传统中药,大量本草著作和地方标准均有记载,是我国甘肃、青海等西北部地区民间习用品种,具有祛风除湿、理气止痛、活血散瘀等功效。现代研究表明,高乌头具有镇痛[1-2]、抗炎、解热、局麻[3-4]、抗肿瘤、抗风湿、抗癫痫、抗心律失常[5]、抗血小板聚集、抗氧化、杀虫[6]等广泛的药理作用,临床常用于治疗类风湿关节炎[7-8]及局部镇痛[9-10]。其主要活性成分为二萜生物碱[11],其中以高乌甲素和冉乌头碱含量最高[12],近年来对高乌甲素的研究比较活跃,显示其具有镇痛、麻醉、抗炎、解热等作用,尤
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(81560650)
通訊作者:李芸,E-mail:liyunherb@163.com
其作为我国首创的非成瘾性镇痛药,临床广泛用于癌痛和各种手术后中度以上疼痛的治疗,能代替阿片类药物减轻肿瘤患者的疼痛,且鲜有阿片类药物所致呼吸抑制和成瘾症[13-15]。……