产后保健护理对产妇康复效果的评估

傅香梅 傅霞风 廖清慧

摘 要 目的：探討产后保健护理对产妇康复的干预效果。方法：将2016年3月至2017年4月江西省新余市妇幼保健院接诊的60例产妇按随机数字表法均分为观察组和对照组。对照组30例，实施常规产后健康指导。观察组30例，在常规产后健康指导的基础上，实施产后保健护理。观察产妇生活质量评分、HAMA评分、HAMD评分、以及产妇盆底肌功能状态恢复情况（盆底肌紧张度）。结果：干预后观察组的生活质量评分在躯体活动、精力、疼痛、睡眠、社会生活、情感反应方面均低于对照组（P<0.05），观察组HAMA、HAMD评分也均低于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组的盆底肌功能状态恢复情况（盆底肌紧张度）Ⅱ度、Ⅲ度发生率高于对照组，Ⅰ度发生率低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：产后保健护理对产妇康复的干预作用明显，能改善产妇的心理和生活质量，更好地恢复盆底肌功能，临床应用价值较高。

关键词 产后保健；护理；产妇康复；效果

中图分类号：R173 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2018）24-0060-03

Evaluation of the effect of postpartum health nursing on maternal rehabilitation

FU Xiangmei1， FU Xiafeng2， LIAO Xinghui3

（1.Gynecological Health Care Department of Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Xinyu， Xinyu 338000， Jiangxi Province， China； 2.Obstetrics Department of Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Xinyu， Xinyu 338000， Jiangxi Province， China； 3.Nursing Department of Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Xinyu， Xinyu 338000， Jiangxi Province， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To explore the intervention effect of postpartum health nursing on maternal rehabilitation. Methods： From March 2016 to April 2017， 60 parturients in Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Xinyu， Jiangxi Province were divided into an observation group and a control group according to random number table method. The control group consisted of 30 patients and was given routine postpartum health guidance. The observation group consisted of 30 cases， and was treated with postpartum health nursing based on routine postpartum health guidance. The score of life quality， HAMA score， HAMD score and the recovery of pelvic floor muscle function（pelvic floor muscle tension） were observed. Results： After intervention， the score of life quality of the observation group was lower than that of the control group in physical activity， energy， pain， sleep， social life and emotional reaction（P<0.05）. The HAMA and HAMD scores of the observation group were also lower than those of the control group（P<0.05）. The incidence of degree II and degree III of pelvic floor muscle function recovery （pelvic floor muscle tension） of the observation group was higher than that of the control group， and the incidence of degree I of the observation group was lower than that of the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion： Postpartum health nursing has an obvious intervention effect on maternal rehabilitation， and can improve the maternal psychology and quality of life and restore maternal pelvic floor muscle function well， and the clinical application value is higher.

KEY WORDS postpartum health care； nursing； maternal rehabilitation； effect

妊娠期和分娩初期的女性身体处于一个特殊的状态，情绪也较敏感，心理变化较大。本文旨在评估产后保健护理对产妇身体和心理康复及生活质量改善的效果。

1 对象与方法

1.1 对象

将2016年3月至2017年4月由江西省新余市妇幼保健院接诊的60例产妇纳入本研究。按照随机数字表，把60例产妇分为观察组和对照组，观察组30例，年龄为24～34岁，平均年龄为（27.15±4.44）岁；初产妇17例，经产妇13例。对照组30例，年龄为25～34岁，平均年龄为（27.26±4.68）岁；初产妇18例，经产妇12例。两组的基线资料具有可比性（P>0.05）。

1.2 方法

对对照组进行常规产后健康指导，包括观察产妇体温、脉搏、呼吸、血压等；按摩子宫，观察恶露和会阴伤口等，发现异常情况及时处理。指导产妇饮食、排尿、轻微活动以及乳房护理和母乳喂养。对观察组在常规产后健康指导基础上，进行产后保健护理。具体包括：（1）心理护理。……