张均华+刘渝+张兵+蔡江



摘要: 机器人弧焊技术,因焊接质量稳定、生产效率高等优势,在汽车工业中得到广泛的应用。在建立机器人弧焊工作单元的基础上,本文分析研究了弧焊工作站运动仿真、离线编程的实际应用及影响焊接质量的因素。通过使用轨迹优化仿真软件,指导焊接工装设计,降低投资成本;进一步的离线编程的使用使得虚拟轨迹与真实机器人运动轨迹挂钩,提高了工作效率和可靠性。通过实验对比及弧焊工作站的调试,讨论了焊接电流、焊接电压、机器人焊接速度对焊接质量的影响。
关键词: 机器人仿真; 离线编程; 弧焊质量
中图分类号: TG 444+.2
Research of path planning and application of robotic arc welding
Zhang Junhua1,2, Liu Yu1, Zhang Bing2, Cai Jiang1
(1.School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China; 2.Chengdu Tian Yuan Mould Technology Co.Ltd, Chengdu 611731, China)
Abstract: Because of the welding quality stability and high production, the robotic arc welding has been extensively used in the car manufacturing. Based on the unit building of robotic arc welding, this paper studied the motion simulation of robotic arc welding, practical application of OLP(as in off-line program) and the affected factors of welding quality. By using of motion simulation software, the design of welding fixture was conducted and the investment cost was reduced. Furthermore, OLP built virtual path link to the practical robot motion track and improved work efficiency and reliability. Also in this paper, combined with experiment and the tryout of arc welding unit, the influence of welding current,welding voltage and welding speed on welding quality was discussed.
Key words: robot simulation; off-line program; arc welding quality
0 前言
在工業机器人家族中,点焊和弧焊机器人占有重要地位。其运动轨迹的发展经历了三个阶段:示教编程再现阶段、离线编程再现阶段、自主编程阶段[1]。现阶段机器人轨迹应用主要以示教编程为主,并辅以离线编程来达到虚拟与实际的结合。因焊接工艺在工业制造中具有重要地位,国内外的科研机构及企业对其进行了广泛深入的研究。Schubert E通过对铝合金的自动化焊接,研究了焊接的稳定性[2]。Jae Seon Kim基于机器人弧焊焊接系统开发了机器人视觉传感系统来调整焊接轨迹,提高了焊接质量及焊接柔性化[3]。陈志翔等人[4]将遗传模拟退火算法用于弧焊机器人与变位机的路径,保证了焊缝的最佳焊接位置与最佳的焊枪姿态 。Jiamin Sun等人通过有限单元法,对比了CO2保护焊与激光焊(Laser Beam Welding)所产生的变形、残余应力等,得出激光焊焊接质量优于CO2保护气焊接质量[5]。……
机械制造文摘·焊接分册 2017年4期