延伸指导在肿瘤术后化疗出院患者中的应用研究

梁飞雁 饶静云 张带兄

【摘要】 目的：探討延伸指导在肿瘤术后化疗出院患者中的应用效果。方法：选取本院2013年11月-2016年11月收治的恶性肿瘤术后化疗患者120例，按照随机数字表法将其分为观察组（n=60）和对照组（n=60）。对照组给予常规出院指导干预，观察组在此基础上给予延伸指导干预。干预半年后，比较两组患者的生活质量评分、健康知识掌握程度、遵医依从率和护理满意度。结果：观察组的生理功能、社会功能、角色功能、生命活力、情感功能、精神健康、总体健康等生活质量评分均明显高于对照组，比较差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）；观察组护理满意度为96.67%，高于对照组的85.00%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；观察组化疗知识、皮肤反应、骨髓抑制、消化道情况、功能训练、饮食控制等知识掌握程度评分均高于对照组，比较差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）；观察组饮食、复诊、康复训练、服药等遵医率均高于对照组，比较差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：延伸指导应用于肿瘤术后化疗出院患者中，有利于改善生活质量水平，提高知识掌握度，提升护理满意度、遵医率，值得临床借鉴和推广。

【关键词】 延伸指导； 肿瘤； 术后化疗； 出院患者

【Abstract】 Objective：To explore the effect of extended guidance in discharged patients after tumor chemotherapy.Method：A total of 120 patients with postoperative chemotherapy for malignant tumor patients in our hospital from November 2013 to November 2016 were selected.According to random number table method，they were divided into observation group（n=60） and control group（n=60）.The control group was given routine discharge guidance intervention，and observation group was given extended guidance intervention on this basis.After six months of intervention，the scores of quality of life，mastery of health knowledge，compliance rate and nursing satisfaction between two groups were compared.Result：The quality of life scores of observation group，such as physiological function，social function，role function，life vitality，emotional function，mental health and general health，were significantly higher than those of control group，the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）.The nursing satisfaction of observation group was 96.67%，which was higher than 85.00% of control group（P<0.05）.The knowledge score of observation group，such as chemotherapy knowledge，skin reaction，bone marrow depression，digestive tract condition，functional training and diet control，were higher than those of control group，the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）.The compliance rates of diet，revisit，rehabilitation training and medication were all higher than those of control group，the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）.Conclusion：Extended guidance applied to discharged patients after tumor chemotherapy is conducive to improving the quality of life，improve the mastery of knowledge，enhance nursing satisfaction and compliance rate，which is worthy of clinical reference and promotion.

【Key words】 Extension guidance； Tumor； Postoperative chemotherapy； Discharged patients

First-authors address：Zhaoqing Medical College Affiliated Hospital，Zhaoqing 526000，China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2018.31.027

恶性肿瘤是严重威胁人类生命健康的疾病之一，化疗是治疗恶性肿瘤的重要手段，在控制病情、降低肿瘤复发、提高生活质量等方面具有十分重要的意义[1-3]。但化疗治疗后患者常伴有不同程度的不良反应，出院后往往无法获得有效照护，其心理、生理往往承受巨大的痛苦，为家庭、社会带来不可预计的损失[4-7]。目前如何针对这一群体实施有效的延续护理已成为个体、家庭、医院和社会关注的热点。本文就延伸指导在肿瘤术后化疗出院患者中的应用效果做进一步分析，取得满意的结果，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料 选取本院2013年11月-2016年11月收治的120例恶性肿瘤术后化疗患者为研究对象。纳入标准：均符合临床术后化疗指征；均签署知情同意书。排除标准：意识障碍及精神疾病；合并严重的心、肝、肾等重要脏器功能障碍性疾病；……