糖尿病酮症酸中毒患者的紧急评估与急救护理

2018-02-12 00:11:19李凤梅司玉珍王学梅
糖尿病新世界 2017年17期

李凤梅+司玉珍+王学梅

[摘要] 目的 探讨糖尿病酮症酸中毒患者的紧急评估与急救护理措施。方法 回顾性分析该院于2016年3月—2017年2月所收治的62例DKA患者的临床资料,总结相应紧急评估及急救护理经验。结果 62例患者经抢救室抢救,给予相应治疗及护理后病情均好转,血糖水平也相对稳定;其中2例因感染严重,同时合并重要脏器功能衰竭,经抢救无效而死亡。结论 针对糖尿病酮症酸中毒患者,行紧急评估并给予积极治疗和护理有利改善患者临床症状,促进病情的好转,稳定患者血糖水平,取得良好效果。

[关键词] 糖尿病酮症酸中毒;紧急评估;急救护理

[中图分类号] R47 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1672-4062(2017)09(a)-0011-02

Emergency Assessment and Emergency Nursing of Patients with Diabetic Ketoacidosis

LI Feng-mei, SI Yu-zhen, WANG Xue-mei

Department of Emergency, Rizhao Central Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong Province, 276800 China

[Abstract] Objective To study the emergency assessment and emergency nursing measures of patients with diabetic ketoacidosis. Methods 62 cases of DKA patients admitted and treated in our hospital from March 2016 to February 2017 were selected, and the corresponding emergency assessment and emergency nursing experience were summarized. Results After the corresponding treatment and nursing, the diseases of 62 cases of patients were rescued, and the blood glucose level was relatively steady, including 2 serious cases due to infection, at the same time, the major organs were failure, and they died after ineffective emergency. Conclusion The emergency assessment and positive treatment of patients with diabetic ketoacidosis is conducive to improving the clinical symptoms of patients, promote the improvement of diseases and stabilize the blood glucose level of patients, and the effect is good.

[Key words] Diabetic ketoacidosis; Emergency assessment; Emergency nursing

糖尿病酮症酸中毒(diabetic ketoacidosis,DKA)是一种临床常见的糖尿病急性并发症,是指因机体胰岛素严重缺乏而引起的一系列临床综合征,包括高血糖、高血酮、酸中毒等[1]。DKA的起病急、病情重且發展快,严重的还可导致患者昏迷。为此,DKA患者的紧急评估与急救护理具非常重要的作用。该案回顾性分析了该院于2016年3月—2017年2月所收治的62例DKA患者的临床资料,总结了相应紧急评估及急救护理经验,现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选取该院收治的62例DKA患者为研究对象,所有患者均与DKA相关诊断标准相符,临床存在不同程度的脱水、电解质紊乱、深大呼吸、烦躁、嗜睡、昏迷等症状。其中男34例,女28例;年龄30~86岁,平均(61.2±11.4)岁;病程1~24年,平均(17.5±8.7)年;Ⅰ型糖尿病24例,2型糖尿病38例;发病诱因:感染34例,胰岛素中断15例,饮食不当9例,无明确原因2例。……

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