戴宝生 黄晓丽 李蔚 闫振华 张华崇 赵树琪



摘要:为了解小黑麦在湖北省黄冈市作为青贮饲料的应用前景,对引进的3个小黑麦材料开展了播期和收获期适应性试验。结果表明,不同材料间的农艺性状间存在差异。就同一材料不同播期差异而言,农艺性状间差异不太明显。但播期对小黑麦单位面积的鲜重影响很大,这可能是由于播期越迟、分蘖越少、收获株数越少导致的。其中小黑麦材料“3241”在11月5日播种、第二年5月6日收获的鲜草产量最高,达到3.24 t/667 m2。小黑麦和小麦的性状间比较表明,引进的3个小黑麦材料株高和单茎鲜重均远大于小麦。
关键词:小黑麦;小麦;青贮饲料;播期
中图分类号:S512.4:S548 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2018)04-0098-02
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.04.026
Study on Introduction Experimental of Planting Triticale in Huanggang City
DAI Bao-sheng,HUANG Xiao-li,LI Wei,YAN Zhen-hua,ZHANG Hua-chong,ZHAO Shu-qi
(Huanggang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Huanggang 438000,Hubei,China)
Abstract: In order to understand the application prospect of triticale in Huanggang city of Hubei province as silage, the adaptability test of sowing stage and harvest time was carried out for 3 introduced materials. The results showed that there were differences in agronomic characters between different cultivars. In terms of different seeding periods of the same material, the difference of agronomic characters is not obvious. However, the effect of sowing time on the fresh weight of triticale is huge, which may be due to the shorter tillering time and the less number of harvest plants for the late planting time. Among them, the maximum yield was 3.24 t/667 m2, of materials 3241, which was seeded on 5th November, harvested on 6th May. The comparison between the characteristics of triticale and wheat showed that fresh weight of single stem of the three triticale materials were much higher than that of wheat.
Key words: triticale; wheat; silage fodder; sowing date
小黑麥(Triticale)是小麦属(Triticum L.)与黑麦属(Secale L.)植物进行属间杂交形成的远缘杂交种,是应用染色体工程创造的兼具小麦和黑麦双亲特点的异源多倍体物种[1]。一般认为小黑麦具有生长势强、茎叶生长繁茂、营养品质好、生物产量高、抗逆性强、适应性广和加工利用形式灵活多样等特性,在饲草业显示了强大的生命力,具有很高的生态价值及经济价值[2]。随着人民生活水平的提高,畜牧业快速发展,农业结构也逐步调整,许多地方畜牧业生产在农业生产中的地位越来越重要,对饲料的需求也越来越大[3,4]。近年来,湖北省黄冈市奶牛产业发展迅速,对优质青贮饲料的需求大增。为了解小黑麦作为奶牛饲料的应用前景,筛选适合本地种植的小黑麦品种,2016-2017年,黄冈市农业科学院从中国农业科学院引进了小黑麦材料,开展了播期和收获适应性试验,并与小麦品种对比,了解小黑麦和小麦的生物量差异,现将结果报告如下。……