剖宫产产后出血原因分析及护理对策研究

陈秀

[摘要] 目的 研究剖宫产产后出血原因及总结护理对策。方法 方便选取该院于2013年5月—2016年8月收治的61例剖宫产产后出血患者的临床资料为研究对象，回顾性分析患者的临床信息，研究诱发剖宫产产后出血的主要原因及完善护理对策。结果 该院收治的患者均抢救成功。患者中有12例出现贫血症状，有9例出现出血性休克症状。通过对患者临床信息的回顾性分析可知，诱发产后出血的主要原因分别是子宫收缩乏力46例，软产道乏力8例，凝血功能障碍5例以及胎盘因素2例等，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。针对以上原因，采取相应护理措施，患者对护理满意度高达95%以上。 结论 诱发剖宫产产后出血的主要原因有子宫收缩乏力，软产道乏力，凝血功能障碍以及胎盘因素，采取有效护理措施能有效提高剖宫产的成功率，降低产后出血的几率。

[关键词] 剖宫产；产后出血；护理措施；出血原因

[中图分类号] R473.21 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742（2018）02（a）-0142-03

Analysis of Causes of Cesarean Section Postpartum Hemorrhage and Nursing Countermeasures

CHEN Xiu

Department of Health， Chongqing Dazu District Maternal and Child Health Hospital， Chongqing， 402360 China

[Abstract] Objective This paper tries to study the causes of postpartum hemorrhage and summarize the nursing countermeasures. Methods The clinical data of 61 cases of postpartum hemorrhage in cesarean section in this hospital from May 2013 to August 2016 were conveniently selected as the subjects. The clinical information of the patients was analyzed retrospectively. The main causes of postpartum hemorrhage and the measures of improving nursing were studied. Results All the patients in this hospital were successfully rescued. 12 case of the patients developed anemia， and 9 case had hemorrhagic shock symptoms. A retrospective analysis of this hospital obstetric cesarean section， the causes of postpartum hemorrhage including 46 cases of uterine inertia， 8 cases of soft birth canal injury， 5 case of coagulation disorder， and 2 cases of placental factor， with statistical difference （P<0.05）. In view of the above reasons， the corresponding nursing measures were adopted， and the satisfaction rate of the patients with nursing care was as high as 95%. Conclusion The main causes of postpartum hemorrhage are uterine atony， soft birth canal fatigue， coagulation dysfunction and placental factors. Effective nursing measures can improve the success rate of cesarean section and reduce the chance of postpartum hemorrhage.

[Key words] Caesarean section； Postpartum hemorrhage； Nursing measures； Bleeding reason

產后出血主要有3个时期：胎盘娩出前，产后2 h内以及产后2～24 h内，产后出血多出现在前两期[1]。产后出血是导致产妇死亡的重要原因之一[2]。一旦发现产妇产后出血，痊愈困难，预后严重，严重者可导致子宫切除甚至死亡[3]。若休克持续时间过长，即便获救，产后出血患者仍会遗留后遗症[4]，故应注重预防工作，防患于未然[5]。该研究方便选取2013年5月—2016年8月收治61例患者为研究对象对该院收治的剖宫产产后出血患者的资料进行分析，研究患者产后出血的主要原因，并探索有效的护理措施，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

方便选取该院收治的1896例剖宫产产妇临床资料为研究对象。根据相关诊断标准，判断61例患者产后出血，发生率3.22%。患者年龄24～39岁，平均（28.1±2.9）岁，45例初产妇，16例经产妇；孕次1～3次，平均孕次（1.6±0.5）次，孕周36～47周，平均孕周（39.68±1.9）周。……