恐惧症患者认知行为护理及心理护理的临床效果观察

黄焕新 张少珍 丘会英 马燕玲

[摘要]目的 观察恐惧症患者认知行为护理及心理护理的临床效果。方法 选取我院2016年1月～2017年8月收治的恐惧症患者96例作为研究对象，采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组，每组各48例。对照组患者给予常规护理，观察组在对照组的基础上行认知行为护理及心理护理，分别比较两组患者生活质量指数（DLQI）评分、抑郁自评量表（SDS）评分和焦虑自评量表（SAS）评分，比较两组患者的临床护理效果。结果 两组患者护理后DLQI评分、SDS评分和SAS评分均较护理前有所下降（P<0.05）；而观察组护理后三项指标评分明显低于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组患者的总有效率为95.83%，高于对照组（81.25%），差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 对恐惧症患者行心理护理和认知行为护理，患者的总有效率较高，生活质量较好，抑郁和焦虑情绪均较轻。

[关键词]恐惧症患者；认知行为护理；心理护理；临床效果

[中图分类号] R473.74 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2018）4（a）-0194-03

Clinical effect observation of cognitive behavior nursing and psychological care in patients with phobia

HUANG Huan-xin ZHANG Shao-zhen QIU Hui-ying MA Yan-ling

Mental Hospital，Bureau of Civil Affairs of Guangzhou Municipality，Guangdong Province，Guangzhou 510430，China

[Abstract]Objective To observe the clinical effect of cognitive behavioral nursing and psychological care in patients with phobia.Methods From January 2016 to August 2017，96 phobia patients admitted in our hospital were enrolled.They were divided into control group and observation group with 48 cases in each group according to random number table method.In the control group，routine care was provided，while in the observation group，patients were received with cognitive behavioral nursing and psychological care on the basis of the control group.The clinical care effect was compared by scoring dermatology life quality index （DLQ），self-rating depression scale （SDS） and self-rating anxiety scale （SAS） between the two groups.Results The scores of DLQI，SDS and SAS in the two groups after treatment were lower than those before the nursing，with statistical differences（P<0.05）.The scores of the three indicators after care in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group，which differed significantly（P<0.05）.The total effectiveness rate of the observation group was 95.83%，higher than that of the control group accounting for 81.25%，with a significant difference （P<0.05）.Conclusion Psychological care and cognitive behavioral nursing for patients with phobia have a high total effectiveness rate and a good quality of life，and mild emotions such as depression and anxiety.

[Key words]Phobia patient；Cognitive behavioral nursing；Psychological care；Clinical effect

近年來，恐惧症的患病率逐年增加，作为一种常见的精神疾病，各年龄段的人都易患该病。患者患病后在很长一段时间里对某类特定事物感觉恐惧，常规的治疗方式是药物治疗，控制患者的病情发展，但并不能完全消除患者的恐惧情绪。有相关研究显示[1]，在常规药物治疗基础上采取有针对性的护理措施能够有效提升治疗效果，其中心理护理和认知行为护理是比较常用的两种护理模式。临床实践表明心理护理和认知行为护理在精神以及心理类疾病具有较好的应用效果。为进一步观察恐惧症患者认知行为护理及心理护理的临床效果，本研究选取我院收治的恐惧症患者96例作为研究对象，并将心理护理和认知行为护理引入治疗过程，现报道如下。

1资料与方法

1.1一般资料