造林补助政策对杉木人工林经营效益的影响分析

刘福辉

摘 要：通过收集尤溪县杉木生产经营相关技术经济指标，结合杉木蓄积生长预测模型，运用净现值法计算不同收益率时有无造林补助政策条件下的杉木净现值，开展了造林补助政策对杉木人工林经营效益的影响分析。结果表明，在相同收益率时，造林补助政策较非补助政策的收益有明显的增加，且随着收益率的提高，造林补助政策将使杉木经营收益净现值得以大幅度提高，并有利于提高其经营抗风险能力，延长经营周期，促进林农对杉木人工林的营造积极性，从而可以获取良好的经济效益。

关键词：杉木人工林；成本法；净现值；收益率；林龄；造林补助

中图分类号 S79 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731（2018）11-0087-03

Abstract：Through collecting the relevant technical and economic indicators of the production and management of Chinese fir in Youxi County，combining with the prediction model of Chinese fir stock growth，using the net present value method to calculate the net present value of Chinese fir with or without afforestation subsidy policy at different rates of return，and analyzing the impact of operating efficiency. The results show that at the same rate of return，the afforestation subsidy policy has a significant gain over the non-subsidy policy，and with the increase in the yield，the afforestation subsidy policy will result in a significant increase in the net cash income from the fir industry，which is beneficial to the business operation. Improve its business risk-resistance ability，prolong business cycle，promote the enthusiasm of forest farmers for afforestation of Chinese fir plantations，and obtain good economic benefits.

Key words：Chinese fir plantation；Cost method；Net present value；Rate of return；Age of forest；Forestation grants

杉木人工林是福建省分布最為广泛的人工林，经营者在经营杉木人工林时，其经营效益的好坏和经营风险的大小是森林经营者重点关注的问题。由于林业经营周期长外部性、弱质性等特性，严重影响了经营者经营林木的积极性[1-2]]，为此中政与地方联合出台了造林补助政策，通过造林补助政策来鼓励社会各界人士经营森林资源。然而，目前多数经营者并不了解造林补助政策对杉木人工林经营效益究竟产生了多大的影响。为此，本文拟以尤溪县的杉木人工林作为研究对象，通过林木生长预测模型，预估杉木生长蓄积量，运用净现值法计算杉木净现值，分析造林补助政策对杉木人工林经营效益的影响，从而为杉木人工林的经营提供参考。……