摘要:经研究发现,我国部分流域的水环境已经遭到了严重的破坏,因此必须要制定出科学合理的生态补偿策略,来挽救水环境已经遭到破坏的流域。现阶段我国的政府部门已经越发重视水环境严重破坏流域的生态补偿,并已经出台了一系列的补偿策略,但是就目前来看这些策略仍然存在着诸多不足,无法准确有效地实现既定目标。本文就水环境严重破坏流域的生态补偿策略做了简要的分析,目的在于使相关的补偿策略发挥出应有的作用。
关键词:水环境;流域;生态补偿;策略
中图分类号:X171.4 文献标识码:A 文章编号:2095-672X(2018)05-0214-02
DOI:10.16647/j.cnki.cn15-1369/X.2018.05.127
Abstract: The study found that the water environment in some of Chinas river basins has been severely damaged. Therefore, a scientific and reasonable ecological compensation strategy must be developed to save the water basin where the water environment has been destroyed. At this stage, our government departments have paid more and more attention to the water environment to severely damage the ecological compensation of the watershed, and have already issued a series of compensation strategies. However, at present, these strategies still have many shortcomings and cannot achieve accurate and effective targets. This article makes a brief analysis of the ecological compensation strategy that severely damages the watershed in the water environment. The purpose is to make the relevant compensation strategy play its due role.
Keywords: Water environment; Watershed; Ecological compensation; Strategy
1 水環境破坏严重流域生态补偿策略的原理和影响因素
生态补偿机制指的是以环境保护为主要目的,根据生态服务价值、生态保护成本以及发展机会成本等依据,采取行政以及市场手段对环境来起到调节作用。而水环境严重破坏的生态补偿指的就是利用科学合理的行政及市场手段来对遭到破坏的水环境进行维护调节。
水环境破坏严重流域生态补偿的影响因素而言,主要影响因素有两方面:第一,生态补偿策略的价值性;第二,生态补偿策略的功能性。就价值性而言,从宏观的角度来讲,水资源是生态系统不可或缺的元素,一切生命体都离不开水资源的支持,而流域内的水资源是保证该地区生态稳定的重要影响因素。就功能性而言,生态补偿策略的功能性与水资源的生态功能性有着本质上的共通点,它们是由内在客观功能而决定的,不同的生态补偿策略适用于不同的水资源流域当中[1]。……