镁合金板材超塑性成形性能及变形失稳

2018-07-28 07:20:04姜文超卢维娜李希云王晨茹张进
科技创新与应用 2018年20期

姜文超 卢维娜 李希云 王晨茹 张进

摘 要:文章研究了轧制AZ31B镁合金板材的超塑性与变形失稳,对镁合金板材进行了超塑性拉伸试验和超塑性凸模胀形试验。通过对AZ31B镁合金进行超塑性单向拉伸(初始应变比?籽0<0)实验和双向受拉(胀形,初始应变比?籽0>0)实验,研究其在不同加载途径下变形过程中板平面内的两主应变(?着1,?着2)的分布和最小截面处的应变路径变化。结果表明:在一定变形速度与温度下,工业态AZ31B镁合金板材具有优良的超塑性;在变形温度为573K中温条件下的超塑性成形性合乎成形零件的基本要求。

关键词:AZ31B镁合金;超塑性;成形性能;变形失稳

中图分类号:TG113.25+3 文献标志码:A 文章编号:2095-2945(2018)20-0098-04

Abstract: The superplasticity and deformation instability of rolled AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet were studied in this paper. The superplastic tensile test and the bulging test of superplastic convex die were carried out on the magnesium alloy sheet. The superplastic uniaxial tensile test (initial strain ratio ρ0<0) and biaxial tensile test (bulging, initial strain ratio ρ0>0) were carried out on AZ31B magnesium alloy. The distribution of two principal strains (?著1, ?着2) and the variation of strain path at the minimum cross section in the plate plane during different loading paths are studied. The results show that the industrial AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet has excellent superplasticity at a certain deformation rate and temperature, and the superplastic formability at a deformation temperature of 573K meets the basic requirements of forming parts.

Keywords: AZ31B magnesium alloy; superplasticity; formability; deformation instability

目前, 工业中的铝、钛等合金零件的生产多使用超塑性成形工艺,而超塑性成形工艺较少用于镁合金零件的生产过程。由于镁合金在受力结构材料中是最轻的金属,且随着近年来制造工艺的发展进步,镁合金已经被广泛应用到航空航天、国防军工、汽车、电子通信等领域中,传统的铸造镁合金已经渐渐被各领域所淘汰[1-3]。而经过锻造、挤压、轧制等工艺生产后的变形镁合金产品具备了更高的强度,更好的延展性,更多样化的力学性能。

超塑性成形性能在镁合金的应用中显得十分重要。随着对镁合金研究和应用的进一步深入,在新工业时代,超塑性镁合金由于其环保的特性,应用日益增加,这对工业态镁合金而言,将具有更高的要求和深远的意义。

内部损伤的缓慢扩展常导致金属超塑性失稳和断裂的发生。……

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