谷娜 鞠志新 史春凤
【摘 要】 试验通过TTC染色、含水量测定、石蜡切片、萌发实验的方法,综合研究山西杓兰种子的形态特征及萌发特性。结果表明:山西杓兰染色率在48%-57%之间;平均含水量为32.67%;成熟种子的内部结构简单,有内外双层种皮,没有胚乳;胚体为球形胚;山西杓兰种子成熟状态下发芽率很低,通过不同的外界环境的刺激,相比未处理的种子发芽从0提率高到2.9%,其中GA3浓度和温度对种子发芽率的影响最大。通过对山西杓兰种子形态特征与萌发特性的研究,为合理有效的保护这一濒危物种提供科学依据。
【关键词】 山西杓兰;种子;生活力;含水量;形态特征;萌发特性
[Abstract] The morphological characteristics and germination characteristics of the seeds were studied by TTC staining, water content determination, paraffin section and germination experiment. The results showed that the dyeing rate was between 48% and 57%. The average moisture content was 32.67%; The inner structure of the mature seeds is simple, and there is no endosperm. The embryo is a spherical embryo; Shanxi mature state of wild flower seeds germination rate is very low, through the stimulation of different external environment, compared with the untreated seed germination rate from 0 to 2.9%, including GA3 concentration and temperature effect on the seed germination rate is the largest. Based on the study of the morphological characteristics and germination characteristics of the seeds of Shanxi, it provides a scientific basis for the reasonable and effective protection of this endangered species.
[Key words] cypripedium shanxiense S. C. Chen; seeds; life force; water content; morphological characteristics; germination characteristics
兰科杓兰属植物为陆生草本植物,有独特的囊状唇瓣,造型奇异,是具有很高的观赏和药用价值的物种。杓兰属植物自然繁衍能力较差且种子极小,地生兰种子的萌发十分困难,随着人们对野生兰花的过度采集,其野生种群处于严重濒危状态。山西杓兰被列为国家一级重点保护野生植物,观赏特性高而无法应用于园林生产。通过对山西杓兰种子形态特征与萌发特性的研究,为合理有效的保护这一濒危物种提供科学依据,也为该物種进一步研究提供基础资料,并且对山西杓兰的种苗繁育并应用于园林具有实践意义。
1 材料与方法
1.1 试验材料
试验种子于2013年采摘自吉林省通化市,一直低温储藏。所用试验仪器及药品有:切片机、显微镜、恒温箱、烘干箱等仪器,无水乙醇(95%)、冰醋酸、甲醛、二甲苯、明胶、甘油、固体石蜡、蕃红、固绿等药品,均由吉林农业科技学院园林实验室提供。……