李华杰 徐雄峰 邱波
[摘要] 间充质干细胞(MSCs)来源广泛并具有多向分化潜能,被视为组织修复重建领域的新希望。但近年的研究表明,传统的贴壁培养模式改变了细胞生长的原始环境,会导致MSCs自主分化、干性衰退等诸多问题,移植体内后治疗效果不佳。研究证据表明,相较于传统的贴壁培养,3D-球体培养方式对MSCs的生物活性具有显著促进作用。壳聚糖薄膜(CM)培养是一种新型生物膜诱导MSCs成球方法,本文主要从MSCs形态学、生物功能的变化及其潜在机制方面对MSCs的CM成球培养模式进行综述,并探讨其在MSCs临床应用方面的潜力。
[关键词] 间充质干细胞;3D-球体;壳聚糖薄膜;干性
[中图分类号] R318 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2018)05(b)-0021-05
Research progress and clinical application prospect in 3D-sphere culture of mesenchymal stem cell with chitosan membrane
LI Huajie XU Xiongfeng QIU Bo
Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan 430060, China
[Abstract] Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with a wide range of sources and multipotential differentiation are thought as a new hope in the field of tissue repair and reconstruction. However, recent research shows that traditional adherent culture changes the initial growing environment of MSCs, leading to self-differentiation, stemness recession and other problems, which brings a negative effect to the treatment after in vivo transplantation. And the evidence suggests that, compared with the traditional adherent culture, the 3D-sphere culture plays a significant role in promoting the biological activity of MSCs. Chitosan membrane (CM) culture is a new type of biomaterial substrate-mediated multicellular spheroid cultivation for MSCs. This review discusses the CM culture of MSCs mainly from the change of morphology, biological functions and potential mechanisms, as well as its potential in clinical application.
[Key words] Mesenchymal stem cells; 3D-sphere; Chitosan membrane; Stemness
近年來,干细胞尤其是间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)越来越受到医学研究者的重视,因其具有多向分化潜能被视为组织修复领域的新希望。原代MSCs可以从脂肪、脐带、软骨、牙龈等多种组织中获取[1-2],特定条件下可分化为脂肪、骨、软骨等多种类型细胞,在减少肾损伤、肝组织再生、增强伤口愈合等方面均被证实发挥治疗作用[3]。然而,近年学者们发现贴壁培养扩增的MSCs生物活性较低[4],究其原因,MSCs体外平铺式的生长状态与其生物体内的团块聚集模式有很大差异,微环境的改变使MSCs丧失了部分干细胞特性[5]。例如,体外培养通常不能够维持MSCs的性状稳定,自主分化、干性衰退,归巢能力减弱等问题亟待解决[6-7]。壳聚糖薄膜(chitosan membrane,CM)培养是一种新型的生物膜细胞培养法,此种方式可诱导MSCs自发形成细胞球体,对其干细胞特性、移植活力、旁分泌效应、迁徙趋化等生物功能均有促进作用[8]。……