任重阳 葛义俊 张梅
摘 要:失眠是尽管有合适睡眠环境和机会仍对睡眠时间和(或)睡眠质量不满足,并影响日间功能的一种主观体验。随着社会进步和生活节奏的加快,失眠的发病率逐渐升高并影响了人们的生活、工作。腺苷信号及免疫炎症机制参与失眠的发生,成为近年来研究的热点。本文将对失眠与腺苷信号及免疫功能的研究进展进行综述,以期探索失眠机制研究的方向和临床治疗中新的作用靶点。
关键词:失眠;睡眠障碍;腺苷;免疫稳态
中图分类号:R741 文献标识码:A DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.10.002
文章编号:1006-1959(2018)10-0004-04
Research Progress of Insomnia and Adenosine Signaling and Immune Function
REN Chong-yang1,GE Yi-jun2,ZHANG Mei3
(1.Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232000,Anhui,China;2.Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University,Chaohu 238000,Anhui,China;3.The First People's Hospital of Huainan City/The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232000,Anhui,China)
Abstract:Insomnia is a subjective experience that influences sleep time and/or sleep quality,despite having a suitable sleep environment and opportunity,and affects daytime function.With the progress of society and the acceleration of the pace of life,the incidence of insomnia is gradually increasing and affecting people's lives and work.Adenosine signal and immune inflammation mechanism participate in the occurrence of insomnia,which has become a hot topic in recent years.This article will review the research progress of insomnia and adenosine signal and immune function,in order to explore the direction of insomnia research and new targets in clinical treatment.
Key words:Insomnia;Sleep disorders;Adenosine;Immune homeostasis
失眠(insomnia)是臨床上最常见的睡眠障碍,表现为入睡困难,夜间维持困难、早醒及无恢复感睡眠等方面,影响人的情绪状态与认知功能。其发病机制目前尚不明确,以往集中于睡眠-觉醒调节脑区释放神经递质的研究,新的研究发现腺苷信号及免疫炎症因子在失眠发病起重要作用,其中星形胶质细胞是联系的桥梁[1]。同时对失眠患者腺苷信号及免疫标志物的探索也在不断进行,其外周血也发现了一系列腺苷信号指标的变化。通过了解其中的联系并探索其通路机制,可能为发现失眠机制奠定基础。
1失眠与腺苷信号的关系
1.1腺苷信号 腺苷是在人体内参与能量代谢,是中枢神经系统内的重要神经调质[1]。腺苷的产生与代谢是一个动态过程,其主要来源于星形胶质细胞(astrocytes,AC),由两种方式产生。①三磷酸腺苷(ATP)在胞外被水解成二磷酸腺苷(ADP),继而转变为一磷酸腺苷(AMP),这个过程需要三磷酸二磷酸水解酶(CD39)参与,最终外核苷酸酶(CD73)将AMP转化为腺苷。……