艾滋病患者机会性感染的临床特点及相关分析

2018-08-31 09:58:16曹世敏
中外医疗 2018年13期

曹世敏

[摘要] 目的 探析艾滋病患者机会性感染的临床特点及相关分析。 方法 方便选取该院2012年1月—2017年12月期间收治的308例艾滋病合并机会性感染患者进行回顾性分析,总结患者感染种类、部位以及CD4+ T淋巴细胞计数与机会性感染的关系。 结果 308例患者中,细菌性肺炎感染170例(55.19%),其次为口腔念珠菌病感染124例(40.25%),其他感染种类有肺孢子菌肺炎、慢性肠炎、肺外结核病、隐球菌脑炎、疱疹病毒感染、败血症、感染性腹泻、弓形虫脑病等。主要感染部位有呼吸道188例(61.04%),口腔128例(41.56%),其他还有消化道、皮肤、中枢神经系统、生殖道、血流感染。CD4+ T淋巴细胞计数<200个/μL的感染发生率为87.34%(269/308),≥200个/μL的感染发生率为12.66%(39/308),二者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 艾滋病合并机会性感染的情况十分复杂、多样,且随着CD4+ T淋巴细胞计数的不断升高,机会性感染率不断降低。

[关键词] 艾滋病;机会性感染;临床特点;CD4+ T淋巴细胞计数

[中图分类号] R512 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2018)05(a)-0052-03

Clinical Features and Related Analysis of Opportunistic Infection of AIDS Patients

CAO Shi-min

Department of Infection, Urumqi Friendship Hospital, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830049 China

[Abstract] Objective To study the clinical features and related analysis of opportunistic infection of AIDS patients. Methods 308 cases of patients with AIDS combined with opportunistic infection in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2017 were convenient selected, and the correlation between the infectious type, site and CD4+ T lymphocyte count and opportunistic infection was summarized. Results Of 308 cases of patients, there were 170 cases with bacterial pneumonia infection(55.19%) , 124 cases with oral candidiasis infection(40.25%) , and the other infectious types included pneumocystis pneumonia, chronic enteritis, extrapulmonary tuberculosis, cryptococcal encephalitis, herpes virus infection, septicemia, infectious diarrhea, toxoplasma encephalopathy, and the main infectious sites included respiration tract 188 cases(61.04%), oral cavity 128 cases(41.56%), and the others included the digestive tract, skin, central nervous system, genital tract and bloodstream infection, and the incidence rate of infection of cases whose CD4+ T lymphocyte count < 200/μL was 87.34%(269/308), and the incidence rate of infection of cases whose CD4+ T lymphocyte count ≥200/μL was 12.66%(39/308), and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion The AIDS combined with opportunistic infection is complex and multiple, with the continuous increase of CD4+ T lymphocyte count, the opportunistic infection rate constantly decreases.

[Key words] AIDS; Opportunistic infection; Clinical feature; CD4+ T lymphocyte count

艾滋病是由人類免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染致使T淋巴细胞免疫功能受损的一种疾病,免疫功能受损为主要特点,严重威胁了患者的生命安全[1]。当人体免疫功能丧失后,致使条件致病菌乘虚而入,进而引发各种疾病。在临床中,引发机会性感染的病原体种类十分多,临床表现十分复杂,致使患者生命安全受到威胁[2]。所以,艾滋病患者合并机会性感染这一问题亟待解决。该文现对该院2012年1月—2017年12月期间收治的308例艾滋病合并机会性感染患者进行回顾性分析,现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

方便选取来该院接受治疗的308例艾滋病合并机会性感染患者进行回顾性分析。所有患者均符合《艾滋病诊疗指南》:①发热时间持续超过1个月;②慢性腹泻4~5次/d,时间持续超过1个月;……

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