李长青 郑璇萍 陈美珍 吴小妹 黄庆举 沈锐彬
【摘要】 目的:探讨钝针扣眼穿刺法在维持性血液透析治疗中的应用。方法:选择笔者所在科室60例患者分成试验组和对照组。试验组采用钝针扣眼穿刺法,对照组采用普通内瘘针,用以往的区域和绳梯穿刺法。历时9个月,统计两组记录的并发症做统计学处理。结果:两组统计的感染例次和血流量、静脉压比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。而试验组失误率、渗血、动脉瘤、内瘘狭穿、血栓形成、痛感评估等优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:钝针扣眼穿刺法可有效减少内瘘并发症的发生,减轻患者痛苦,改善手臂美观,值得行内推广应用。
【关键词】 血液透析; 动静脉内瘘; 钝针扣眼穿刺法; 并发症
doi:10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2018.11.078 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805(2018)11-0159-02
Application of Blunt Needle Buttonhole Puncture Technique in Hemodialysis/LI Changqing,ZHENG Xuanping,CHEN Meizhen,et al.//Chinese and Foreign Medical Research,2018,16(11):159-160
【Abstract】 Objective:To explore the application of blunt needle buttonhole puncture technique in maintenance hemodialysis.Method:60 patients were divided into the testing group and the comparison group.The testing group used the blunt needle buttonhole puncture,while the comparison group used the normal fistula needle on the original area with rope ladder puncture method.After 9 months,the complications were recorded and did the statistics.Result:There were no obvious differences in infection,blood flow and intravenous tension between the 2 groups,which had no statistical significance(P>0.05).However,the rate of failure,capillary hemorrhage,aneurysm,fistula narrow,thrombogenesis,pain assessment in the testing group were better than those in the comparison group,which were significant for statistics(P<0.05).Conclusion:Blunt needle buttonhole puncture is effective in reducing the happening of internal fistula complications,relieving the patients pain and improving the hand skin appearance.It is worthy of recommending in the field of hemodialysis.
【Key words】 Hemodialysis; Internal arteriovenous fistula; Blunt needle buttonhole puncture; Complication.
First-authors address:Chaozhou Beidou Kidney Disease Hospital,Chaozhou 515000,China
动静脉内瘘是血透患者的“生命线”[1]。如何保护和尽可能延长它的使用时间是从事血透工作的护理人员不断努力探索的技术。笔者所在科采用了钝针扣眼穿刺法,收到了一定的效果,受到患者的支持和接受,现报告如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选择2016年9月-2017年6月笔者所在科室收治的维持性血透患者60例,排除急危重症患者和拒绝配合患者,并征得医院伦理委员会批准,征得同意实施患者,说明使用钝针采取扣眼穿刺方法。其中:男34例,女26例,年龄22~64岁,平均(49.8±14.2)岁,透析时间3个月~6年,选择较肥胖患者,内瘘隐现,皮下组织较厚的30例为试验组,实施锐针扣眼穿刺。对照组另选普通患者30例。两组的基础疾病和年龄、透析龄状况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),均具可比性。
1.2 方法
实践小组分成两组,分别为试验组和对照组,两组各由4名有经验的护士负责。两……