综合护理干预在降低尿毒症患者血液透析并发症发生率中的效果

戴秋霞 钱银玲

[摘要]目的 研究综合护理干预在降低尿毒症患者血液透析并发症发生率中的效果，为临床提供可靠依据。方法 选取2016年2月～2017年3月我院收治的128例尿毒症患者作为研究对象，根据随机数字表法将其分为实验组与参照组，每组各64例。给予所有患者相同的药物治疗，其中参照组患者采用血液透析常规护理措施，实验组患者在参照组常规护理基础上采用综合护理干预措施，两组患者均以28 d为1个干预疗程。观察比较两组患者的血液透析并发症发生率以及护理满意度情况。结果 干预28 d后，实验组患者的并发症总发生率为25.00%，显著低于参照组的67.19%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。实验组患者的护理满意度为98.44%，显著高于参照组的71.88%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 综合护理干预在尿毒症患者血液透析治疗中具有显著的临床效果，不但能够有效地降低患者透析后并发症的发生率，而且能够显著提高患者护理的满意度，在临床上值得推广与使用。

[关键词]尿毒症；综合护理干预；血液透析并发症；发生率

[中图分类号] R248 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2018）5（a）-0194-03

[Abstract]Objective To study the effect of comprehensive nursing intervention in reducing the incidence of hemodialysis complications in uremic patients，to provide a reliable basis for clinical.Methods A total of 128 uremic patients admitted in our hospital from February 2016 to March 2017 were selected as the subjects.According to the random number table method，they were randomly divided into experimental group and reference group，each group of 64 cases.The patients were all given the same drug treatment.In the reference group，the routine nursing measures of hemodialysis were adopted，and the patients in the experimental group adopted comprehensive nursing intervention on the basis of the conventional nursing of the reference group.The two groups of patients were 28 days as one intervention.The incidence of hemodialysis complications and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results After 28 days of intervention，the incidence of hemodialysis complication in the experimental group was 25.00%，which was significantly lower than that in the control group （67.19%），the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）.The satisfaction rate of the patients was 98.44%，which was significantly higher than that of the control group （71.88%），the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）.Conclusion Comprehensive nursing intervention has significant clinical effect in the hemodialysis of uremic patients，which can not only reduce the incidence of postoperative complications in patients，but also can improve the satisfaction of patients′ care.It is worthy to be popularized and used clinically.

[Key words]Uremia；Comprehensive nursing intervention；Hemodialysis complications；Incidence

尿毒症是由于患者肾脏滤过功能衰退，造成体内毒素在肾脏堆积，无法正常排出，最终导致机体代谢紊乱以及器官功能损伤[1]。在临床上，该症状属于比较常见的一种慢性肾衰竭末期的表现[2]。血液透析是以透析原理为基本依据，将患者的血液通过滤膜设备滤除血液中的毒素，然后将透析过的血液回输给患者的过程[3]。该治疗方法能够将患者体内的代谢物排出体外，提高患者的生活质量，延长患者的寿命[4]。但长期使用会出现不同程度的并发症以及不良反应，严重影响患者的康复过程[5]。近年来，临床上一般是通过护理的手段降低透析過程中产生的并发症以及不良反应，提高患者的生活质量，因此患者住院期间的护理方式对其治疗的临床效果和康复情况有重要影响[6]。……