老年患者静脉输液过程中液体外渗的危险因素分析及护理对策

2018-09-03 10:47:14何艳燕廖庆利刘瑞娜
中外医疗 2018年12期

何艳燕 廖庆利 刘瑞娜

[摘要] 目的 探讨老年患者静脉输液过程中液体外渗的危险因素及护理对策。方法 方便选取2016年1—12月该院接受静脉输液的122例(静脉输液682例次)老年患者进行调查,统计静脉输液过程中液体外渗的发生情况,分析、总结诱使液体外渗发生的危险因素,同时对护理对策进行探讨。结果 静脉输液682例次中,发生液体外渗87例次,发生率为12.8%;局部表现:肿胀77例次(88.5%),肿胀累及穿刺部位皮肤>20 cm 8例次(9.2%),水疱2例次(2.3%);均未出现皮肤组织坏死情况。液体外渗发生因素:患者因素占40.2%(35/87),疾病因素占25.3%(22/87),药物因素占20.7%(18/87),技术因素占13.8%(12/87)。结论 静脉输液过程中液体外渗的发生与患者因素、疾病因素、药物因素、技术因素等密切相关。对此,积极采取护理措施进行干预,加强静脉输液外渗的处理及预防,有助于提高静脉输液的安全性。

[关键词] 静脉输液;液体外渗;护理对策

[中图分类号] R47 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2018)04(c)-0143-03

Analysis of Risk Factors and Nursing Strategies of Liquid Exudation in the Intravenous Infusion of Senile Patients

HE Yan-yan, LIAO Qing-li, LIU Rui-na

Sixth Department of Internal Medicine, Dapu Peoples Hospital, Meizhou, Guangdong Province, 514299 China

[Abstract] Objective To study the risk factors and nursing strategies of Liquid exudation in the intravenous infusion of senile patients. Methods 122 cases of patients for intravenous infusion in our hospital (682 intravenous infusion) admitted and treated in our hospital from January to December 2016 were convenient selected for survey, and the occurrence of liquid exudation in the intravenous infusion of senile patients was counted, and the risk factors of liquid exudation were analyzed and summarized, and the nursing strategies were studied. Results Of 682 intravenous infusion, there were 87 cases with liquid exudation, and the incidence rate was 12.8%, and the local performance: 77 cases with swelling(88.5%), 8 cases whose swelling was involved in the puncture site > 20 cm (9.2%) , 2 cases with blister(2.3%), and there was no necrosis of skin tissue, in terms of occurrence factors of liquid exudation: patient factor 40.2%(35/87), disease factor 25.3%(22/87), drug factor 20.7%(18/87) and technology factor 13.8%(12/87). Conclusion The occurrence of liquid exudation in the intravenous infusion is closely related to the patient factor, disease factor, drug factor and technical factor, therefore, the active nursing measures for intervention and enhancing the treatment and prevention of liquid exudation contributes to improving the safety of intravenous infusion.

[Key words] Intravenous infusion; Liquid exudation; Nursing strategy

靜脉输液是治疗疾病、抢救患者生命的重要给药方式,其护理质量及安全性直接影响着患者的治疗及身心状况。由于老年患者的情况比较特殊,在静脉输液过程中容易出现液体外渗情况,易导致皮下组织坏死、静脉炎等相关严重并发症发生[1]。因此,对液体外渗的危险因素进行分析,探讨对应的护理对策至关重要。该研究以该院2016年1—12月接受静脉输液的122例老年患者为对象,重点分析了液体外渗的危险因素及护理对策,现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

方便选取该院接受静脉输液的122例(静脉输液682例次)老年患者进行调查,其中,男性68例,女性54例;年……

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