基于SFA模型的广东省农业现代化示范区技术经济效率测评及改进策略

方伟　杨震宇　梁俊芬

摘要：【目的】在考虑经济社会影响的基础上，综合测算广东省22个大型农业现代化示范区的技术经济效率，为提升广东农业现代化示范区运行效率提出政策建议。【方法】针对各示范区所在区域经济社会环境差异较大的特点，构建SFA模型，对产出变量进行影响因素剔除，对广东省22个大型农业现代化示范区技术经济效率进行实证测算研究。【结果】广东省内经济发达地区有40%的农业现代化示范区技术经济效率比原来有所下降，且下降幅度较大，个别城市下降在0.5左右。经济次发达和欠发达地区技术经济效率有所上升，其中，次发达地区主要是纯技术效率上升导致综合技术经济效率上升，经济欠发达地区则是（纯）技术效率和规模效率共同上升导致综合技术经济效率上升。【建议】广东农业现代化示范区技术经济效率差异明显，经济社会因素对示范区效率有较大影响，今后需创新经营机制，加强财政资金投入，调整各要素投入，加强示范区管理并构建分类评估体系。

关键词： 技术效率；参数前沿生产函数（SFA）模型；农业现代化示范区；广东省

中图分类号： S126 文献标志码：A 文章编号：2095-1191（2018）06-1249-07

Abstract：【Objective】Considering the economic and social impact， the technical and economic efficiency of the 22 large-scale agricultural modern demonstration areas in Guangdong was comprehensively calculated to provide theoretical reference for improving the operational efficiency of Guangdong agricultural modern demonstration zone. 【Method】According to the serious difference of economic and social environment in each demonstration area， a SFA model was constructed to eliminate the influencing factors of output variables. Empirical estimate study was made on technical and economic efficiency of 22 large-scale agricultural modern demonstration areas. 【Result】In developed areas of Guangdong Province， about 40% of technology efficiency of the agricultural modern demonstration areas declined with a large drop， that of several cities fell to about 0.5. The technology and economic efficiency of less developed and underdeveloped areas increased， among which the increase in pure technical efficiency in less developed areas led to an increase in the overall technical economic efficiency. The rise of pure technical efficiency and efficiency of scale in underdeveloped areas led to an increase in the overall technical and economic efficiency. 【Conclusion】There are large differences on technology efficiency in agricultural modern demonstration areas in Guangdong Province. Economic and social factors have great impacts on the efficiency of the demonstration areas. The future agricultural modern demonstration areas need innovative operating mechanism， strengthening financial capital investment， adjusting the input of various elements， strengthening the management and building a classification assessment system.

Key words： technology efficiency； frontier production function（SFA） model； agricultural modern demonstration area； Guangdong Province

0 引言

【研究意義】农业现代化示范区是区域现代农业建设的重要载体，在促进农业技术扩散和农业增效方面发挥重要作用。1998年广东省政府批准《广东省珠江三角洲十大农业现代化示范区实施方案》，截至2003年底，珠江三角洲十大示范区全面建设并通过验收。……