广西现行家蚕品种两广二号原种随时孵化技术

李燕飞 李乙 蒋玉莲 韦红群 何珊珊 莫云霞

摘要：【目的】明確保护时间、冷藏时间和浸酸时间3个因素对两广二号原种短期冷藏浸酸及延期冷藏浸酸实用孵化率的影响，为调节蚕种供应期及广西家蚕原种短期冷藏浸酸处理过程中制定不同冷藏时间的蚕种入库和盐酸刺激量标准提供依据，也为改进当前的短期冷藏浸酸技术提供指导。【方法】以两广二号原种4个亲本（芙蓉×932、932×芙蓉、湘晖×7532和7532×湘晖）为试验材料，按入库前保护时间、冷藏时间及浸酸时间3个因素3水平设计正交试验，调查4个亲本各因素不同水平的实用孵化率，筛选提高实用孵化率的最佳组合，并在此基础上选取孵化效果较好的亲本探讨延期冷藏适期。【结果】通过正交试验分析，4个亲本在不同冷藏天数中均可找到各因素条件较好的最高实用孵化率处理组合，其中，芙蓉×932为48 h-30 d-6 min，932×芙蓉为48 h-30 d-5 min，湘晖×7532为48 h-30 d-7 min，7532×湘晖为64 h-40 d-6 min。短期冷藏孵化效果较好的两个亲本（芙蓉×932和湘晖×7532）延期冷藏试验区与对照区的实用孵化差异不显著（F关键词： 家蚕；两广二号；短期冷藏；浸酸；实用孵化率

中图分类号： S882.35 文献标志码：A 文章编号：2095-1191（2018）04-0787-07

Instantaneous hatching technique for silkworm variety Liangguang 2 stock in Guangxi

LI Yan-fei， LI Yi， JIANG Yu-lian， WEI Hong-qun， HE Shan-shan， MO Yun-xia*

（Guangxi Academy of Sericulture Science， Nanning 530007， China）

Abstract：【Objective】The effects of three factors including protection time， refrigeration time and acid soaking time on the practical hatching rate of short-term refrigeration and acid treatment， and deferred short-term refrigeration and acid treatment for Liangguang 2 stock were studied to provide references for the adjustment of silkworm egg supply period， the standard formulation on the storage of silkworm eggs and acid stimulus dose in the process of short-term refrigeration and acid treatment of silkworm stock in Guangxi，as well as the improvement of existing short-term refrigeration and acid soaking treatment technology. 【Method】Four parents of Liangguang 2 stock（Furong×932， 932×Furong， Xianghui×7532， 7532×Xianghui） were used as the test materials. Orthogonal test with three levels of three factors including protection time， refrigeration time and acid soaking time was designed to investigate the practical hatching rate of four parents at different levels of factors. The purpose was to find the best combination for increasing hatching rate， and on this basis， parents with fine hatching results were selected to study suitable period of deferred refrigeration. 【Result】Through the analysis of orthogonal test， treatment combination of the highest practical incubation rate with desirable factors can be found in diffe-rent refrigerated days for the four parents. In which， Furong×932， 932×Furong，Xianghui×7532 and 7532×Xianghui were 48 h-30 d-6 min， 48 h-30 d-5 min， 48 h-30 d-7 min and 64 h-40 d-6 min respectively. There was not significant difference in practical hatchability between experimental plot and control plot for deferred refrigeration of two parents（Furong×932 and Xianghui×7532） which had sound hatching effects in short-term refrigiration（F

Key words： silkworm； Liangguang 2； short-term refrigeration； acid soaking； practical hatching rate

0 引言

【研究意义】广西家蚕原种秋用种主要为春制秋用种，一般采用短期冷藏浸酸法解除滞育，生产上需在5 ℃下冷藏60 d以上出库浸酸才能保证孵化整齐（余爱群等，1997；余武昌等，2012）。随着我国“东桑西移”政策的实施，广西蚕业迅速发展，原种需求量大幅增长，需提早出库浸酸以满足各蚕种场的用种需求，进而产生蚕种用种提前与蚕种冷藏时间不足的矛盾。……