论中国现当代女性诗人情爱书写的传统文化意蕴

林平乔

摘 要：中国现当代女性诗人的爱情抒唱，深受传统道德观、价值观、审美观的影响。中国传统文化对崇高道德的推崇，使她们着力于高扬纯粹、浪漫、高尚的精神之爱。古代爱情文学叛逆精神的启迪，现代“妇女解放”观念的张扬，使她们不约而同地把自由恋爱、自主婚姻、“原欲”书写作为抗拒男权禁锢、追求独立人格、寻找人生价值的利器。对传统性别秩序的潜意识认可和对传统审美趣味的尊重，使她们诗歌中的自我形象显露出顺从、依附、迎合男性的特征；她们对爱的倾诉，也大体依循了“温柔敦厚”的诗教规范。传统爱情诗歌“以哀为美”的抒情格调的熏染，长期以来“男尊女卑”观念在她们精神血液中的潜隐，使她们的情爱书写无不笼罩着哀婉悲苦的情调，显露出靜美凄清的特征。

关键词：精神之爱 ； 妇女解放 ； 男权规范 ； 以哀为美

中图分类号：I206.7

文献标识码：A

文章编号：1000-5099（2018）03-0143-09

Abstract：Traditional morality， values and aesthetics has a great impact on modern female poets in their ode to love. Worshiping great morality in traditional Chinese culture， they concentrate on praising soul love of purity， romance and morality.

Enlightened by the faith of betrayal in traditional love literature， the prevalent concept of female liberation， those female poets regard writing about free love， free marriage， and desires as weapons to fight against male power， pursue independent personalities and search for self values. However， with their approval for traditional sexual order in subconsciousness， and respect to traditional aesthetics， their self-images are characterized by obedience to， dependence on and catering to males. Their resort to love adheres to the tradition of being gentle and tender. Exposed to the concept of “sorrow as beauty” in traditional love poems， and with potential recognition that “men are superior to women” i their blood， there description of love is full of sorrow， beauty， and silence.

Key words：soul love； female liberation； male power regulation； sorrow as beauty

以爱欲为基础而产生的相悦相恋的爱情是人类古老而又永恒的话题，它使人类的两性关系有一种天然的依存。从本质上说，爱情是人的基本欲望，是性和情的统一。孔子云：“饮食男女，人之大欲存焉”（《礼记·礼运》），颜元说：“故男女者，人之大欲也，亦人之真情至性也。”（《存人篇卷一·唤迷途·第一唤》）瓦西列夫也指出，爱情是“在传宗接代的本能基础上产生于男女之间、使人们获得特别强烈的肉体和精神享受的这种综合的（既是生物的，又是社会的）互相倾慕和交往之情。”[1]作为生命体验的重要内容，爱情历来是中国诗人们吟咏不绝的永恒母题。……