贾志远 张瑞 牛佳佳
摘 要:传统技艺类非物质文化遗产是一个地方的重要文化名牌,是国家和民族文化软实力的终极体现。本研究通过对河南省传统技艺类非物质文化遗产的实地调研,发现全省传统技艺类非物质文化遗产发展面临着分散且规模小、发展资金严重不足、无法适应现代化工业化生产等问题。河南省传统技艺类非物质文化遗产无法转型的原因主要是自身经济效益低、社会认同感不足、政府政策扶持不到位等。因此,河南省传统技艺类非物质文化遗产现代化转型需要传承人组建联盟,加强新媒体宣传,同时政府应设立专项扶持基金为传统技艺类非物质文化遗产现代化转型提供资金保障。
关键词:传统技艺;非物质文化遗产;现代化转型
中图分类号:G122 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1671-0037(2018)4-10-4
DOI:10.19345/j.cxkj.1671-0037.2018.04.002
Abstract: The traditional intangible cultural heritage of arts and crafts is an important cultural brand of a place, and the ultimate manifestation of the cultural soft power of a country and nation. Through field research on the intangible cultural heritage of traditional arts and crafts in Henan Province, this paper found that the development of the intangible cultural heritage of the traditional arts and crafts in the province faced problems, such as decentralized and small scale, serious shortage of development funds, and inability to adapt to modern industrial production. The main reason why the intangible cultural heritage of traditional arts and crafts in Henan cannot be transformed is mainly due to factors such as low self-economic benefits, lack of social identity, and inadequate government policy support. Therefore, the modernization transformation of the intangible cultural heritage of traditional arts and crafts in Henan Province requires the inheritors to form a coalition, strengthen the promotion of new media, and the government should set up a special support fund to guarantee the money for modernization transformation of the intangible cultural heritage of traditional arts and crafts
Key words: traditional arts and crafts; intangible cultural heritage; modernization transformation
根據联合国教科文组织的定义:非物质文化遗产是指被各群体、团体、有时为个人所视为其文化遗产的各种实践、表演、表现形式、知识体系和技能及其有关的工具、实物、工艺品和文化场所。传统技艺类非物质文化遗产自古以来跟人类生活密切相关,对中国历史的发展与进步起到了极大的推动作用。然而随着全球化的日益增强、现代化与工业化的推进,传统技艺类非物质文化遗产面临着日益消亡的局面,党中央国务院也出台了各种政策文件加强非物质文化遗产保护,但是传统技艺类非物质文化遗产不同于其他非物质文化遗产形态,它更多地是以散沙式的各自独立的传承人发展形态,其社会认可度高,但是产业化能力差,跟不上社会发展的脚步[1-2]。……