基于麦克风阵列的声源定向时延估计的研究

2018-09-13 10:47:16王书海石俊峰
科技创新与应用 2018年23期

王书海 石俊峰

摘 要:近年来随着传感器技术不断发展和语音信号定向处理技术的不断研究,应用在这种领域的技术以及应用也在逐渐进入人们的视野,比如语音定位、语音跟踪系统等,更是被广泛的应用于军用和民用领域,比如会议说话人的定位以及在战地勘探方面等,这都为语音信号处理等领域的技术发展提供了极大的推动。所以,研究探索技术的工程实践应用这方面的技术,对推动语音信号等处理理论发展和相关技术的成果,有着非常重大的意义。文章着重介绍了语音定向的相关算法与研究,主要探究了延时估计。延时估计是利用麦克风阵列解决宽带语音的信号的技术之关键,更是通过麦克风阵列进行声音源定向方法中最常用的一种。

关键词:麦克风阵列;TDOA;声源定向

中图分类号:TN912.3 文献标志码:A 文章编号:2095-2945(2018)23-0013-02

Abstract: In recent years, with the continuous development of sensor technology and the continuous research of directional processing technology of speech signal, the technology and application applied in this field are gradually entering people's field of vision, such as speech localization, speech tracking system and so on. It is widely used in military and civilian fields, such as conference speaker positioning and field exploration, which provide a great impetus to the development of speech signal processing and other fields. Therefore, it is of great significance to study and explore the technology of engineering practice and application of this technology to promote the development of speech signal processing theory and related technology. This paper focuses on the related algorithms and research of speech orientation, and mainly explores the delay estimation. Delay estimation is the key technology to solve the broadband speech signal using microphone array, and it is also one of the most commonly used methods of sound source orientation through microphone array.

Keywords: microphone array; TDOA; sound source orientation

目标定向技术拥有广泛的应用领域,主要是利用雷达技术或者声呐完成目标的定向,但是由于雷达和声呐的工作原理是主动发出电磁波或者声波,这就极大可能的会暴露自身,这本身就会对系统的隐蔽性和安全性造成很大的威胁。因此,目标定向系统需要不断的去研究,目标定向技术逐渐成为研究目标。然而对于声源定向,这一在目标定向中的重要的分支,它的原理和声呐和雷达等有明显的差别:声源定向技术是通过声源主动地发信号,麦克风阵列去接受目标发来的信号去做处理,这也就为定向本身的隐蔽性和安全性有了极大的提升,由于它自身并不产生电磁波或者声波,这成了研究相关领域的重要技术目标。……

登录APP查看全文