彩色多普勒超声在泌尿系结石诊断中的准确性分析

陈英　胡洋

[摘要] 目的 探讨彩色多普勒超声在泌尿系结石诊断中的准确性。 方法 选择2016年7月～2017年7月在我院泌尿外科诊断治疗的拟诊为泌尿系结石患者116例为研究对象。所有患者均行彩色多普勒超声检查以及NCHCT检查。比较两种检查方法的诊断真确度、灵敏度、特异度。比较<5 mm，5～10 mm及>10 mm直径的结石两种方法的测定结果。结果 彩色多普勒超声检查能够较好显示肾实质厚度、肾脏积液、肾实质回声，输尿管梗阻征象，能够明确结石位置，结石周边可见快闪伪象。以随访结果为金标准，彩色多普勒及MCHCT检查结果准确度、灵敏度及特异度比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；<5 mm的结石中，彩色多普勒超声测定的直径显著大于NCHCT（P<0.05）；5～10 mm及>10 mm的结石两种检测方法测定值比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两种检查方法的差值与结石直径呈显著负相关（r=-0.535，P<0.05）。 结论 彩色多普勒超声用于辅助诊断泌尿系结石具有较高的准确度、灵敏度及特异度，结石直径越大测定值准确度越高。

[关键词] 彩色多普勒超声；泌尿系；结石；准确性

[中图分类号] R445.1 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2018）12-0069-04

Analysis on the accuracy of color doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of urinary stone

CHEN Ying HU Yang

Department of Urology，Jinhua Central Hospital in Zhejiang Province，Jinhua 321000，China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the accuracy of color doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of urinary calculus. Methods 116 patients with urolithiasis who were diagnosed and treated in the urology department in our hospital from July 2016 to July 2017 were selected as the research subjects. All patients were given color doppler ultrasound and NCHCT examination. The diagnostic accuracy， sensitivity and specificity of the two methods were compared. The measurement results of the two methods of stones with the diameter of <5 mm， 5-10 mm and >10 mm were compared. Results Color doppler ultrasound could better display the renal parenchymal thickness， renal effusion， renal parenchymal echo， signs of ureteral obstruction， which was able to locate stones， and visible quick flashing artifacts could be seen around the stones. The follow-up results were taken as the gold standard， and the accuracy， sensitivity and specificity were not statistically significant difference between color doppler and MCHCT examination results（P>0.05）； in stones less than 5 mm， the diameter of color doppler ultrasound was significantly larger than that of NCHCT（P<0.05）； there was no statistically significant difference between the two measurement methods of 5-10 mm and >10 mm stones（P>0.05）. The difference between the two methods was negatively correlated with the diameter of the stones（r=-0.535， P<0.05）. Conclusion Color Doppler ultrasound used to adjuvantly diagnose urolithiasis has a high accuracy， sensitivity and specificity. The larger the diameter of the stone， the higher the accuracy of the measured value.

[Key words] Color Doppler ultrasound；Urinary；Stone；Accuracy

泌尿系結石包括肾结石、输尿管上中下结石、膀胱结石、尿道结石，以下尿道结石最多见。泌尿系结石症影响5%～15%的世界人口，复发率接近50%。明确超声位置、大小、形状等特征对治疗方案的制定具有重要的指导意义。超声是诊断泌尿系结石的常用方法，无创、可重复、操作方便。彩色多普勒超声既有二维超声结构图像的优点，又提高了清晰的血流动力信息，其分辨率更高，因此在结石的诊断中也优于二维超声。本研究探讨彩色多普勒超声对泌尿系结石诊断的准确性，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选择2016年7月～2017年7月在我院泌尿外科诊断治疗的拟诊为泌尿系结石患者116例为研究对象。纳入……