蓝关翠 叶咏菊 石明晴
[摘要] 目的 探讨困难节育器的原因及取出方式。 方法 对近6年来本院就诊的节育器取出困难患者进行回顾性分析。 结果 通过宫颈注射利多卡因、血管钳牵拉、药物软化宫颈、宫腔镜、B超监测等方法,所有患者(n=213)均取器成功。 结论 术前评估、操作轻柔,及时应用宫腔镜、超声,可避免严重并发症发生。
[关键词] 宫内节育器;困难取器;取出方式;分析
[中图分类号] R169.42 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2018)12-0136-05
Investigation and analysis of methods for removing difficult IUD
LAN Guancui YE Yongju SHI Mingqing
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Lishui City in Zhejiang Province,Lishui 323000,China
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the reasons of difficult IUD and removal methods. Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on patients in our hospital with difficulty to remove IUDs during the past 6 years. Results The removal of IUDs of all patients(n=213) were successfully removed by injecting lidocaine through the cervix, pulling by vessel forceps, softening cervix using drugs, hysteroscopy and B-ultrasound monitored. Conclusion Preoperative evaluation, gentle operation, timely application of hysteroscopy, ultrasound can help avoiding the incidence of serious complications.
[Key words] IUD; Difficult removal of IUD; Removal method; Analysis
在国家计划生育政策的指导下,宫内放置节育器被广大育龄期妇女作为首选的最为有效的避孕措施,宫内节育器具有长效、安全、经济、便捷等优势,因此被众多育龄女性所采用[1];但由于每一位妇女同志体质情况不同、放置年限不同、宫内节育器形状及材质不同等种种原因导致宫内节育器在取出时遇到困难,给患者带来伤害。近年来节育器取出方式困难受到广泛关注,本文分析近6年来本院就诊的节育器取出困难患者,找出其取出困难的原因及取出方法,总结如下,希望对初入临床者有一定的帮助。
1 目前临床常用的方法
1.1 宫颈注射利多卡因
某些患者术前紧张导致迷走神经过度兴奋,宫颈痉挛,取环器难以进入宫腔。可采用宫旁注射利多卡因行神经阻滞麻醉,可通过阻断宫颈和宫旁神经传导功能,使宫颈、子宫肌肉松弛,避免和减轻了因迷走神经冲动的传出引起宫颈痉挛与疼痛感,达到镇痛和麻醉的效果,缓解宫颈痉挛,从而将宫内节育器顺利取出。……