浅析系杆拱桥的健康监测方法

谭二军

摘要：桥梁健康监测系统的核心任务是获得环境、荷载以及结构的响应、局部损伤等信息，在对监测信息进行综合评估的基础上获得行车和结构的双重安全状态信息，为结构高质量的安全、高效、经济运营提供成套技术支持。在结构健康监测系统中，从现场采集的数包括不同测点的位移、应变、加速度、和环境激励等数据，且数据量随时间的变化不断增加。这表征不同空域和时间域的实时监测数据是桥梁结构健康状态信息的载体，充分利用数据所包含的信息对精确评估桥梁结构的健康状态是至关重要的，因此针对不同的桥梁结构形式制定不同的监测方法。 本文以某桥全长537.4m，桥面宽18m，行车道宽14m，两侧人行道宽2m的系杆拱桥的健康监测方法为例进行作健康监测方法分析。

Abstract： The core task of the bridge health monitoring system is to obtain environmental， load and structural response， local damage and other information. Based on the comprehensive evaluation of the monitoring information， the dual safety status information of the driving and structure is obtained， which provides efficient technical support for efficient and economic operation of the structure. In the structural health monitoring system， the number collected from the field includes data such as displacement， strain， acceleration， and environmental excitation of different measuring points， and the amount of data changes with time. This indicates that the real-time monitoring data of different airspace and time domains is the carrier of the bridge structure health status information. Making full use of the information contained in the data is crucial for accurately assessing the health status of the bridge structure. Therefore， different monitoring methods are formulated for different types of bridge structures. In this paper， the health monitoring method of a bridge with a total length of 537.4m， a bridge width of 18m， a lane width of 14m and a sidewalk width of 2m on both sides is taken as an example for health monitoring.

關键词：风荷载；温湿度；线形；吊索力；内力；结构

Key words： wind load；temperature and humidity；linear shape；sling force；internal force；structure

中图分类号：U446 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-4311（2018）29-0202-03

1 风荷载监测

风荷载是大型桥梁的荷载源之一，采用风速风向仪实时监测系统能及时了解桥址处环境风力、风向变化情况，为分析桥梁的工作环境、评价行车安全状况、提供养管信息、验证桥梁风振理论，以及研究极限风环境下的大桥工作状况提供了依据。通过采集三个正交方向的风速时间历程；绘制平均风和阵风的风玫瑰图，绘制风向-风速图，求出并绘制梯度风和阵风的剖面；计算三秒阵风风速、一分钟平均风速、十分钟平均风速及一小时平均风速；计算风紊流强度、风谱、幅谱及相关性；……