基于机会信号的区块模型的能效最优簇数的研究

2018-10-12 05:48:38刘东熊召新
现代电子技术 2018年19期

刘东 熊召新

摘 要: 依据无线传感网络(WSNs)中WiFi、声或可见光的机会信号,提出基于最优簇数的区块模型(CML)。区块模型为衰落模型,反映机会信号随传播距离的衰减变化。为了减少总体能耗,利用区块模型的泰勒级数展开的不同阶次计算最优簇数。最后利用移动手机、无线接入点、声和光信号建立真实的实验平台,分析最优簇数。实验数据表明,相比Exponential模型和对数Log模型,CML的能耗分别下降约6%和8%。此外,相比于WiFi和声信号,可见光信号的能效提高近12%。

关键词: 无线传感网络; 能效; 簇; 机会信号; 区块模型; 最优簇数

中图分类号: TN914?34 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1004?373X(2018)19?0019?04

Abstract: A compartmental model based on optimal cluster number is proposed according to the opportunity signals of WiFi, acoustics and visible light in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The compartmental model acting as an attenuation model can reflect the attenuation variation of opportunistic signal with propagation distance. In order to minimize the overall energy consumption, the different orders expanded by the Taylor series of the compartmental model is used to calculate the optimal cluster number. The mobile phone, wireless access point, sound and light signals are adopted to establish the real experimental platform to analyze the optimal cluster number. The experimental data shows that the energy consumption of the compartmental model is reduced by about 6% and 8% respectively than that of the exponential model and logarithm model, and the energy efficiency of the visible light signal is improved by about 12% than that of the WiFi and acoustic signals.

Keywords: wireless sensor network; energy efficiency; cluster; opportunity signal; compartmental model; optimal cluster number

0 引 言

能效是許多通信系统的基本要求,如无线传感网络(Wireless Sensor Networks,WSNs)、物联网(Internet of Things,IoT)[1]。为了解决高层问题,如定位、跟踪、路由和连通问题,将兴趣区域划分不同的区。基于簇的拓扑结构是典型的分区技术。分簇技术充分利用了传感节点的有限通信半径。每个簇内产生一个簇头,并由簇头先融合数据,再向信宿传输这些融合数据[2],数据传输示意图如图1所示。

低功耗自适应簇协议LEACH[3],LEACH协议用Type?2逻辑算法选择簇头,簇头在节点间轮流转换,进而平衡网络能耗。尽管簇技术能够降低网络能耗、提高数据传输效率,但是在固定网络下,分多少个簇,即最优簇数仍是一个挑战问题[4?5]。分簇的根本目的是减少能耗。因此,分簇必须与能耗相结合。为此,本文以最小化总体能耗为目标,进而优化最优簇数。

目前,所有簇技术是基于距离[dn]或指数无线能量消耗模型,其中[n]是路径衰落指数。……

登录APP查看全文