切片与切段对叠鞘石斛多糖、联苄类化合物及石斛酚提取量的影响研究

谢巧 栗圣榕 廖莉 颜成功 张廷模 夏厚林

中图分类号 R284.2；R282.4 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2018）17-2376-05

DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2018.17.17

摘 要 目的：研究切片、切段对叠鞘石斛中多糖、联苄类化合物及石斛酚提取量的影响，比较叠鞘石斛切片、切段的优劣。方法：将叠鞘石斛燀蒸后切制成长度为10 mm的段及厚度为4 mm的片，于60 ℃烘干，然后将叠鞘石斛片（段）煎煮60、90、120 min及温浸60、90 min；采用紫外-可见分光光度法测定其在煎煮及温浸过程中多糖、联苄类化合物提取量，采用高效液相色谱法测定叠鞘石斛片（段）中石斛酚的提取量；另计算浸出物提取率。结果：在煎煮过程中，叠鞘石斛片较石斛段多糖、联苄类化合物提取量分别增加了0.06～0.17、0.08～0.11 mg/g，石斛酚提取率增高了37.5%；在温浸过程中，叠鞘石斛片较石斛段多糖、联苄类化合物提取量分别增加了0.33～0.58、0.17～0.28 mg/g；疊鞘石斛片较石斛段的水溶性浸出物及醇溶性浸出物提取率分别增高了2.89%、0.98%。结论：叠鞘石斛切片优于切段，本研究可为《中国药典》中石斛切制时改段为片提供一定的参考。

关键词 叠鞘石斛；切片；切段；多糖；联苄类化合物；石斛酚

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE： To study the effects of slice and segment on the extraction amount of polysaccharides， bibenzyl compounds and dendrophenol from Dendrobium denneanum， and to compare the advantages and disadvantages of D. denneanum slice and segment. METHODS： The steamed D. denneanum was cut into segment with length of 10 mm and slice with thickness of 4 mm， and then dried at 60 ℃. Then D. denneanum slice （segment） decocte 60， 90， 120 min and warm-soak 60， 90 min， UV spectrophotometry was used to determine the extraction amount of polysaccharides and bibenzyl compounds from it. HPLC method was used to determine the extraction amount of dendrophenol from D. denneanum slice （segment）， and calculate the extraction rate of it separately. RESULTS： Compared with D. denneanum segment， the extraction amount of polysaccharides and bibenzyl compounds in D. denneanum slice were increased by 0.06-0.17 mg/g and 0.08-0.11 mg/g during decocting， and the extraction rate of dendrophenol was increased by 37.5%. During the warm-soaking process， compared with D. denneanum segment， extraction amount of polysaccharides and bibenzyl compounds in D. denneanum slice were increased by 0.33-0.58 mg/g and 0.17-0.28 mg/g， respectively. Compared with D. denneanum segment the extraction rates of water-soluble extracts and alcohol-soluble extracts in D. denneanum slice were increased by 2.89% and 0.98%， respectively. CONCLUSIONS： D. denneanum slice is superior to D. denneanum segment， which provides reference for changing segment into slice about the cutting of D. denneanum in Chinese Pharmacopeia.

KEYWORDS Dendrobium denneanum； Slice； Segment； Polysaccharides； Bibenzyl compounds； Dendrophenol

石斛是一种名贵中药材，始载于《神农本草经》，被列为上品，具有益胃生津、滋阴清热的功效。现代研究表明，石斛具有抗氧化[1-3]、增强机体免疫力[4]、抗肿瘤[5]等活性。石斛常用品种有金钗石斛、鼓槌石斛以及流苏石斛及其近似品种[收载于2015年版《中国药典》（一部）[6]]、环草石斛、黄草石斛和马鞭石斛（收载于《安徽省中药饮片炮制规范》2005年版[7]）、叠鞘石斛（收载于《四川省中药材标准》2010年版[8]）等。叠鞘石……