病例教学法在肾病科临床见习中的应用

段朝阳 霍建华 郭雪艳 林燕

摘 要 目的：探讨病例教学法在肾病科临床见习教学中的效果。方法：将92名五年制临床医学本科大三见习学生随机分为对照组和实验组，分别采用了传统教学法和病例教学法对见习学生进行教学，通过对学生医学理论知识考核和学生对两种教学法的满意率两方面来的比较两种教学方法的效果。结果：实验组见习学生在医学理论知识掌握度及学生对教学满意率两方面均优于对照组。结论：在肾病科的临床见习教学中，病例教学法优于传统教学法。

关键词 病例教学法 传统教学法 临床见习教学

中图分类号：G424 文献标识码：A DOI：10.16400/j.cnki.kjdkx.2018.07.053

Abstract Objective To explore the application value of case-teaching method in clinical probation teaching of nephrology. Methods92 probationers of clinical medical undergraduates were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. Case-teaching method and traditional teaching method were used respectively to the probationers. To compare the effect of two kinds of teaching methods， the scores of the theoretical examination and students satisfaction of teaching method were assessed. Results The scores of the theoretical examination of the experimental group were better than that of the control group. And the experimental group have more satisfaction about the teaching than the control group， there was significant difference between the two groups （P<0.05）. Conclusion Case-teaching method is superior to the traditional teaching method in medical undergraduate clinical probation teaching.

Keywords case-teaching method； traditional teaching method； clinical probation teaching

隨着医学模式的转变，临床医学教育的模式也发生了改变，临床见习带教老师也应从经验型带教模式向目标化带教模式转变，更侧重于对学生实践、沟通、合作等多方面能力的培养。内科学理论知识多且临床表现多样、抽象，传统教学方法枯燥，学生不易把理论知识和实际相结合。[1]为了适应新的临床医学教育模式转变，病例教学法被运用到了肾病科见习教学实践中。病例教学法是依据教学内容和目的的要求，通过引入典型的临床病例，将学生引入到具体的情境中，引导学生对典型病例的分析、讨论，提出并解决问题的一种新型的教学方法。病例教学法具有高度真实性、鲜明的针对性、学生的主动性、过程的动态性等特征。本文将病例教学法应用于医学本科生在肾病科的临床见习教学实践中，相对于传统教学法，取得了较好的效果。……