谷国富
摘要:因机采棉回潮率高,为了提高生产效率,子棉在加工前需要烘干。在烘干的同时,子棉被输送到下道工序。对塔式气流烘干与带式烘干两种烘干工艺及输送方式的主要参数进行了计算和比较,希望在降低机采棉加工成本、减少除尘风量、降低噪音、降低环境污染等方面找到新的突破方向。
关键词:机采棉;子棉;塔式气流干燥;带式干燥
中图分类号:S226.6 文献标识码:A
文章编号:0439-8114(2018)15-0095-04
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.15.024 开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):
Comparison on the Process of Harvesting Cotton Belt Type Drying
with Tower Type Airflow Drying
GU Guo-fu
(Zhengzhou Cotton & Jute Engineering Technology and Design Research Institute,
All-China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives,Zhengzhou 450004,China)
Abstract: Due to the high moisture regain in harvesting cotton,in order to improve the production efficiency, the seed cotton needs to be dried before processing. While drying, the seed cotton is transported to the next procedure. In this paper, the two drying process of the tower type airflow drying and belt type drying, and the transportation way and the main parameters are calculated and compared, hope to reduce the cost of harvesting cotton machine processing, the dust air volume, the noise, the environmental pollution and so on, to find new breakthrough direction.
Key words: harvesting cotton; seed cotton; tower type airflow drying; belt type drying
棉花產业一直以来都是关系国家国计民生的重大生产力[1],新疆地区是中国的主要产棉区,机采棉种植面积占全国机采棉种植总面积的90%~95%[2],棉花回潮率的高低直接影响生产效率及皮棉质量[3]。当子棉回潮率超过8.5%时,应进行烘干[4]。目前国内子棉烘干工艺普遍采用塔式气流烘干设备,能耗高、造价也高,还产生了大量需要除尘的风量,急需改进。而带式子棉烘干设备节能,产生的除尘风量少,工艺简单,造价低。国内至今还没有带式子棉烘干设备,美国有过这方面的研究[5]。本研究希望通过比较带式子棉烘干机与目前普遍使用的塔式气流子棉烘干机工艺及主要参数,来说明研究带式子棉烘干设备的必要性。
以每小时加工24 t机采子棉生产线为例,采用塔式气流子棉烘干机工艺时,子棉由气流输送,子棉的干燥也是由热空气在烘干塔内输送子棉的同时完成的。输送子棉总共需要的风量是134 000 m3/h。在环境温度0 ℃时,空气的密度是1.293 kg/m3,计算出这些空气的质量是173 t。……