徐玲玲



DOI:10.16662/j.cnki.1674-0742.2019.35.187
[摘要] 目的 研究超聲引导下腰丛神经阻滞麻醉复合右美托咪定麻醉在老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者中的应用效果。方法 方便选取该院老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者60例(2016年1月—2019年1月)作为研究对象,简单随机化分组,各30例。观察组采取超声引导下腰丛神经阻滞麻醉复合右美托咪定麻醉,对照组采取气管插管静脉复合麻醉。比较两组术前(T0)、插管时(T1)、切皮时(T2)、手术开始30 min时(T3)、手术结束时(T4)血流动力学[平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)]变化情况、麻醉阻滞维持时间及术后6、12、24 h疼痛(VAS)评分。 结果 观察组T1~T4时MAP、HR波动幅度低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=3.468、3.309、6.155、6.987、5.402、4.830、5.029、5.059,P<0.01);观察组感觉、运动麻醉阻滞维持时间分别为(8.16±1.52)h、(5.38±1.44)h,长于对照组(3.71±1.23)h、(3.06±1.37)h,差异有统计学意义(t=12.465、6.393,P<0.01);观察组术后6、12、24 h VAS评分分别为(1.62±0.45)分、(1.87±0.63)分、(1.72±0.70)分,低于对照组(3.48±0.51)分、(4.59±0.81)分、(3.94±0.65)分,差异有统计学意义(t=14.979、14.518、12.729,P<0.01)。结论 老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者应用超声引导下腰丛神经阻滞麻醉复合右美托咪定麻醉可维持术中血流动力学稳定,延长麻醉阻滞维持时间,还可减轻术后疼痛程度。
[关键词] 股骨粗隆间骨折;右美托咪定;超声引导;腰丛神经阻滞麻醉
[中图分类号] R614 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2019)12(b)-0187-03
Application of Utrasound-guided Lumbar Plexus Block Anesthesia Combined with Dexmedetomidine Anesthesia in Elderly Patients with Intertrochanteric Fracture
XU Ling-ling
Department of Anesthesiology, Gaochun People's Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211300 China
[Abstract] Objective To study the effect of ultrasound-guided lumbar plexus block anesthesia combined with dexmedetomidine anesthesia in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures. Methods Convenient selected 60 patients with senile intertrochanteric fractures in the hospital (January 2016 to January 2019) were selected as subjectsl. They were randomLy randomized into groups of 30 patients. The observation group underwent ultrasound-guided lumbar plexus block anesthesia combined with dexmedetomidine anesthesia, and the control group received tracheal intubation combined with anesthesia. Comparison of preoperative (T0), intubation (T1), incision (T2), 30 min (T3), and end of surgery (T4) hemodynamics [mean arterial pressure (MAP), Changes in heart rate (HR), duration of anesthesia block, and pain (VAS) scores at 6, 12, and 24 h after surgery. Results The amplitude of MAP and HR in the observation group was lower than that in the control groupthe difference was statistically significant(t=3.468,3.309,6.155,6.987,5.402,4.830,5.029,5.059, P<0.01); The maintenance time of sensory and motor anesthesia was observed in the observation group (8.16±1.52) h, (5.38±1.44) h, longer than the control group (3.71±1.23) h, (3.06±1.37)h,the difference was statistically significant(t=12.465,6.393, P<0.01); VAS scores of the observation group at 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h after operation were (1.62±0.45)points,(1.87±0.63)points, and (1.72±0.70)points, respectively, lower than the control group. (3.48±0.51)points, (4.59±0.81) points, (3.94±0.65)points,the difference was statistically significant(t=14.979,14.518,12.729, P<0.01). Conclusion Ultrasound-guided lumbar plexus block anesthesia combined with dexmedetomidine anesthesia in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures can maintain hemodynamic stability during operation, prolong the duration of anesthesia block, and reduce postoperative pain.
[Key words] Intertrochanteric fracture; Dexmedetomidine; Ultrasound guidance; Lumbar plexus block anesthesia
股骨粗隆间骨折是临床多发骨折类型,多见于老年群体,需及时采取手术治疗[1]。老年患者作为特殊群体,通常伴有脏器功能衰退、多系统疾患及手术耐受性差等现象,安全、可靠麻醉方式具有重要意义[2]。气管插管静脉复合麻醉虽具有良好麻醉效果,但在老年患者中可能引发大幅度血流动力学波动,从而影响手术安全性。右美托咪定是一种α2肾上腺素受体激动剂,可发挥镇痛、镇静、抗交感等作用。超声引导下神经阻滞具有定位准确、镇痛效果良好等优势,且对机体循环系统影响较小,临床关注度较高。该研究方便选取该院老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者60例(2016年1月—2019年1月),以探讨超声引导下腰丛神经阻滞麻醉复合右美托咪定麻醉的应用效果,报道如下。……