某地区军队离退休干部与家属老年病患病率的调查研究

叶力 仇红伟

【摘要】 目的：分析某地区军队离退休干部与家属老年病患病率。方法：选取2017年1月-2019年2月本地区军队离退休干部和家属260例为研究对象，分析老年病患病率，并对数据进行统计学分析。结果：单病种发病率，冠心病（70.38%）、高血压（66.92%）、脑血管疾病（62.30%）等发病率较高，其次为前列腺肥大（33.46%）、糖尿病（28.07%），同时骨关节疾病（26.15%）、消化系统（14.61%）和呼吸系统（13.84%）发病率也较高。单病种不同年龄段发病率，71～75岁患者发病率较低，随着年龄提升发病率也逐步提高。合并多种疾病患者发病率，合并5种或之上疾病的患者较多（160例，占61.53%），合并4种疾病者占23.46%（61/260），合并3种疾病者占15.00%（39/260）。结论：对军队离退休干部和家属中的老年疾病发病率状况进行调查后发现，冠心病、高血压、脑血管疾病等均为较常见的老年疾病，合并5种或之上疾病的老年患者并不少见，故临床需开展必要的老年疾病调查，有针对性地给予老年患者合理的临床干预。

【关键词】 军队离退休干部 家属 老年病患病率 疾病预防措施

doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2019.29.031 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805（2019）29-00-02

[Abstract] Objective： To analyze the prevalence of geriatric diseases among retired military cadres and their families in a certain area. Method： A total of 260 retired military cadres and family members from January 2017 to February 2019 were selected as the research objects， and the incidence of geriatric diseases was analyzed， and the data were analyzed statistically. Result： The incidence of single disease， coronary heart disease （70.38%） and hypertension （66.92%） and cerebrovascular disease （62.30%） were higher， followed by prostatic hypertrophy （33.46%） and diabetes mellitus （28.07%）， and bone and joint diseases （26.15%）， digestive system （14.61%） and respiratory system （13.84%）. The incidence of single disease in different age groups， 71 to 75 years old patients had a lower incidence， with the increase of age， the incidence also gradually increased. Incidence of patients with multiple diseases： patients with five or more diseases were more common （160 cases， 61.53%）， patients with four diseases were 23.46% （61/260）， and patients with three diseases were 15.00% （39/260）. Conclusion： After investigating the incidence of senile diseases among retired military cadres and their families， it is found that coronary heart disease， hypertension and cerebrovascular diseases are common diseases in the elderly. It is not uncommon for senile patients with five or more diseases. Therefore， it is necessary to carry out the necessary investigation of senile diseases in clinic and give them reasonable clinical intervention for elderly patients.

[Key words] Retired military cadres Family members Incidence of geriatric diseases Disease prevention measures

First-authors address： Haidian Seventh Retired Cadre Rehabilitation Center， Weishi District， Beijing， Beijing 100036， China

隨着人们生活水平和保健水平持续提升，人类平均寿命也有显著提升，社会老龄化逐步发展，且随着老年人口持续提升，老年人医疗逐步成为重要社会问题。军队离退休干部与家属由于身份和职业特殊性，老年疾病状况也有自身特殊性[1-2]。为有效提供医疗保障，现对其老年疾病发病率进行深入分析，为疾病控制和预防提供重要指导，结果分析如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选取2017年1月-2019年2月本地区军队离退休干部和家属260例为研究对象，纳入标准：（1）年龄均在60岁之上，（2）家属均为离退休干部配偶。……