一种基于接收信号强度的多跳分簇路由协议

2019-06-07 15:08:13徐鸣施伟斌·
软件导刊 2019年1期

徐鸣 施伟斌·

摘 要:为了延长传感器网络生存时间,多跳路由协议一直是无线传感器领域的研究热点。其中多跳分簇的路由协议(MHLEACH) 不仅能扩展通信范围,还可以均衡分配节点能耗,从而有效提高了能量利用率。但该方法存在的问题是若选中的簇首距离基站太远,则会耗费较多能量。同时,簇群链路分布的不均匀也可能使一些靠近基站的簇首更频繁地转发数据。为解决该问题,提出一种改进算法RSSI-Mean-Filter-MHLEACH(简称RMF-MHLEACH),该算法能对接收路由消息时获得的邻居节点信号强度与邻居表内节点剩余能量信息进行比较分析,最后找出最优的上层转发节点,从而使各节点在保证通信质量的同时,也能合理分担簇首的能量消耗。

关键词:无线传感器网络;路由协议; Multihop-LEACH;簇首竞争;中值滤波;接收信号强度指示

DOI:10. 11907/rjdk. 181715

中图分类号:TP393文献标识码:A文章编号:1672-7800(2019)001-0174-04

Abstract: In order to prolong the survival time for the sensor network, the multi-hop routing protocol has been the hotspot for wireless sensor researches. Among them, Multi-hop LEACH(MHLEACH) routing protocol can conserve extra expedition in RF power and use energy efficiently by forwarding data to base station through muti-hop measure. Although the advantage of this algorithm is that it can reduce energy expenditure, the selected cluster head can be too far from the base station, which will consume extra energy. Meanwhile, the uneven distribution of the cluster link may also cause some cluster heads near the base station to be more frequently called to forward data. In order to solve this issue, this paper presents an improved RMF-MHLEACH algorithm, which takes the advantage of the neighbor nodes RSSI and energy competition to ensure the quality of communication while appropriately allocating the energy consumption on cluster head.

0 引言

无线传感器网络(WSNs)是由大量传感器节点形成的分布式、具有自组织能力的低成本网络系统。WSNs能够替代人工作业在恶劣环境下工作,因此在工业自动化、次生灾害预防以及农业环境检测等领域都得到了广泛应用[1]。

然而,单个无线传感器的节点能量是有限的,WSNs能量消耗模型[2]已指出射频发送数据是消耗无线传感器节点能量的主要原因。因此,研究人员为尽可能延长网络生存时间,提出相关协议与算法。如Muhamnmad Omer Farooq等[3]提出的MR-LEACH路由算法,其令基站确定上层与下层簇首的多跳拓扑关系,但基站必须获取全局网络信息;Ashlyn Antoo等[4]提……

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