不同保鲜处理对汉江樱桃冰温贮藏效果的影响

李慧 万德慧 刘志培 吴峰 谢菊英 王璐 向世标

摘要：研究了不同处理方法（80%N2+15%CO2+5%O2气调、3 000 mg/m3臭氧、负离子处理）对汉江樱桃（Prunus psedoerasus Lindl.）采后冰温贮藏保鲜的影响。通过测定贮藏期内果实维生素C含量、Brix值、有机酸含量、失水率、腐烂率的变化，比较3种保鲜方法的优劣。结果表明，气调处理和负离子处理组既能有效延长贮藏时间，当贮藏至20 d，腐烂率仅为22%左右，同时也能维持果实在贮藏期间的品质，可较好延缓汉江樱桃果实中维生素C、可溶性固形物、有机酸含量的流失。臭氧处理虽然能较好地延长果实贮藏时间，减少果实腐烂率，但易导致果实表皮色泽改变，从而影响果实感官和品质。因此，负离子处理和气调（80%N2+15%CO2+5%O2）处理是汉江樱桃较为理想的贮藏保鲜方法。

关键词：汉江樱桃（Prunus psedoerasus Lindl.）;冰温贮藏;臭氧;气调;负离子

中图分类号：TS255.3         文献标识码：A

文章编号：0439-8114（2019）08-0117-04

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.08.027           开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Abstract： In this study， three treatments such as， controlled atmosphere（80% N2+15% CO2+5% O2）， 3 ppm ozone， negative ion treatment， was conducted in Hanjiang cherry storage under ice temperature. The preservative effects of the three treatments was evaluated by measuring the changes of vitamin C， Brix value， organic acid， water loss rate and decay rate during storage. The results showed that the controlled atmosphere treatment and negative ion treatment could effectively prolong the storage time. When stored for 20 days， the decay rate was only about 22% and the fruit quality could be maintained. The loss of vitamin C， soluble solids and organic acids in Hanjiang cherry fruits were delayed. Ozone treatment could also prolong the storage time and reduce the rotting rate of fruit， but the color of fruit epidermis was easy to change and affect the sensory and quality of the fruits. It suggested that negative ion treatment and controlled atmosphere（80% N2+15% CO2+5% O2） treatment could be  the ideal storage methods of Hanjiang cherry.

Key words： Hanjiang cherry（Prunus psedoerasus Lindl.）; Ice-temperature storage; ozone; controlled atmosphere; Negative ion

中國樱桃（Prunus psedoerasus Lindl.）属于蔷薇科落叶乔木果树，是中国南方主栽的樱桃种类[1]。湖北省十堰市海拔在500 m以下的丘陵河谷地带都有樱桃自然分布和人工栽培，本试验对汉江的中国樱桃（以下称汉江樱桃）进行了研究，2015年汉江樱桃荣获国家地理标志产品。

汉江樱桃果实酸甜适中，风味浓郁，营养丰富，但与甜樱桃相比，汉江樱桃果皮更薄、果柄更易脱落，果肉更易软化，采后更易褐变腐烂，运输较困难，常温条件下保存时间仅为2 d。果实软化是从成熟到衰老的必然生理过程，软化的果实易受到机械伤害和病菌侵染，导致果实的耐贮性和抗病性下降，缩短货架寿命[2]。……