基于虚拟现实技术的救助船对外消防培训仿真系统

杨可男 张均东 叶子文 伊泓嘉

摘要：针对救助船消防训练中存在的海况复杂，对外消防炮射流受风影响大，往往无法准确控制其射向目标区域的问题，在理想状态下射流理论的基础上探究风对射流轨迹的影响，建立自然风条件下射流轨迹的数学模型，模拟对外消防炮射流的运动情况。应用3ds Max构建船舶模型，用Unity 3D构建救助船在面临大风浪、遇险船着火等状况时对外消防系统的工作场景，提出一种精确构建粒子系统轨迹的方法，使射流模型能精确体现在场景中。通过虚拟现实设备能实现救助船对外消防培训仿真系统的立体显示和人机交互，起到更好的虚拟仿真和培训效果。

关键词：救助船; 水射流仿真; 对外消防系统; 虚拟现实（VR）; Unity 3D

中图分类号：U676.8

文献标志码：A

收稿日期：2018-04-27

修回日期：2018-08-20

基金项目：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（3132016316）

作者简介：

杨可男（1993—），男，浙江绍兴人，硕士研究生，研究方向为轮机自动化与智能化，（E-mail）raykss@163.com;

张均东（1967—），男，浙江绍兴人，教授，博导，博士，研究方向为控制与仿真、轮机自动化与智能化、轮机模拟器，

Abstract：In the fire-fighting training of rescue ships under complex sea conditions， the water jet of external fire-fighting guns is influenced greatly by wind， so that it often can not control target area accurately. In view of the problem， the influence of wind on jet trajectories is analyzed based on the jet theory of the ideal state， and the mathematical model of the jet trajectory under the condition of natural wind is established to simulate the movement of water jet of external fire-fighting guns. The ship model is constructed by 3ds Max.By Unity 3D， the working scenes of the fire-fighting system of rescue ships under the conditions of large wind-wave and fire of ships in distress are constructed， and a method for accurately constructing the trajectory of the particle system is proposed， so that the jet model can be accurately shown in the scenes.The 3D display and human-computer interaction  of external fire-fighting training simulation system of rescue ships can be realized through virtual reality devices， which improve the effect of the virtual simulation and training.

Key words：rescue ship; water jet simulation; external fire-fighting system; virtual reality （VR）; Unity 3D

0 引 言

救助打捞船及其装备非常昂贵[1]，救助打捞工作的时效性要求也非常高。在实际救助过程中海况复杂，对外消防炮射流受风影响大，操作人员往往无法轻松地把水流准确地射向着火区域。现阶段救助船对外消防训练都在实船上进行，不仅受场地、时间等因素制约，且不存在真实着火的遇险船舶。如能建立一套救助船对外消防……