强化风险护理对新生儿黄疸蓝光照射的疗效观察及安全性分析

李玉清 徐东伟

[摘要] 目的 分析强化风险护理对新生儿黄疸蓝光照射的疗效观察及安全性。 方法 方便选取 2017年4月—2018年4月期间该院收治的88例黄疸患儿为研究对象，以随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组，每组44例患儿。两组患儿均接受蓝光照射治疗，在此基础上对照组患儿实施常规护理，研究组患儿实施强化风险护理，对比两组患儿的疗效和安全性。结果 两组患儿临床疗效对比，研究组总有效率95.45%显著优于对照组总有效率88.64%，差异有统计学意义（χ2=6.271，P=0.004）。两组患儿风险事件发生率对比，研究组的呕吐窒息（χ2=4.568，P=0.002）、反复穿刺（χ2=4.172，P=0.012）、皮肤损伤（χ2=5.029，P=0.029）、针头脱落（χ2=6.005，P=0.035）以及眼罩脱落（χ2=4.282，P=0.008）和感染（χ2=4.008，P=0.016）等风险事件发生率均低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 对黄疸患儿蓝光照射治疗的同时实施强化风险护理措施，能够提升疗效，降低风险事件发生概率，促进患儿的康复和预后。

[关键词] 强化风险护理;新生儿黄疸;蓝光照射;疗效;安全性

[中图分类号] R473          [文献标识码] A          [文章編号] 1674-0742（2019）06（b）-0187-03

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the efficacy and safety of intensive care for neonatal jaundice blue light. Methods From April 2017 to April 2018， 88 children with jaundice admitted to our hospital were convenient selected and enrolled in the study. They were divided into study group and control group by random number table， with 44 children in each group. Both groups were treated with blue light irradiation. On this basis， the control group received routine nursing care， and the study group performed intensive risk care to compare the efficacy and safety of the two groups. Results The clinical efficacy of the two groups was compared. The total effective rate of the study group was 95.45%， which was significantly better than the total effective rate of the control group （88.64%）. The difference was statistically significant （χ2=6.271，P=0.004）. The incidence of risk events in the two groups was compared. The study group had vomiting asphyxia （χ2=4.568，P=0.002）， repeated puncture （χ2=4.172，P=0.012）， skin lesions （χ2=5.029，P=0.029）， needle shedding risk incidence （χ2=6.005，P=0.035） and ocular mask shedding （χ2=4.282，P=0.008） and infection （χ2=4.008，P=0.016） were lower than those of the control group， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion The implementation of intensive risk nursing measures for blue light irradiation in children with jaundice can improve the efficacy， reduce the probability of occurrence of risk events， and promote the rehabilitation and prognosis of children.

[Key words] Intensive risk care; Neonatal jaundice; Blue light irradiation; Efficacy; Safety

黄疸由于胆红素代谢障碍引发，主要表现为血清内胆红素浓度升高，是新生儿时期常见的疾病，主要症状为巩膜、黏膜、皮肤等组织黄染[1]。多数患儿的黄疸症状可在1周左右自然消退，但也有少数患儿病情会持续发展，导致病情不断加重，威胁患儿健康。由此应该及时控制病情，以免发展为病理性黄疸，对新生儿的健康造成威胁[2]。蓝光照射是新生儿黄疸的常规治疗方式，不仅疗效满意，且操作简单。蓝光照射治疗以及护理过程中也存在着一定的风险因素，为提高临床护理质量，减少风险事件的发生机率，该文方便选取2017年4月—2018年4月期间该院收治的88例黄疸患儿展开强化风险护理对新生儿黄疸蓝光照射疗效及安全性的分析与探究，现将结果报道如下。