与父亲皮肤早接触对自然分娩新生儿黄疸预防的影响

杨金娥 林翠 宁华丽

[摘要]目的 探讨父亲皮肤早接触对自然分娩新生儿黄疸预防的影响。方法 选取我院2017年6月～2018年7月足月顺娩的300例新生儿，随机分为研究组与对照组，各150例。研究组顺娩新生儿出生后10 min内与父亲进行皮肤早接触1 h，对照组顺娩新生儿出生后则置于包被内1 h，不行皮肤早接触。监测两组新生儿出生后第24、36、48、72 h的胆红素值，观察记录两组新生儿的成功开奶时长、首次吮吸持续时长、首次排胎粪时间、啼哭情况、足底温度、心率变化。结果 研究组的黄疸发生率仅为26.7%，显著低于对照组的38.7%（P<0.05）。研究组新生儿的首次吮吸持续时间长于对照组，成功开奶时间、首次排胎粪时间均显著短于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组新生儿出生后30、60、120 min的啼哭持续时间显著短于对照组，心率低于对照组，足底温度高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 父亲早接触的实施对自然分娩新生儿黄疸的预防有一定帮助。

[关键词]父亲皮肤早接触;自然分娩新生儿;黄疸预防

[中图分类号] R722.17          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1674-4721（2019）6（b）-0207-04

[Abstract] Objective To explore the influence of early skin contact of father′s on the prevention of jaundice of newborns in natural childbirth. Methods A total of 300 newborns natural childbirth smoothly from June 2017 to July 2018 in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into the study group and the control group， 150 cases in each group. The study group had skin contact with the father within 10 minutes after birth， while the newborns in the control group were placed in the capsule for 1 hour after birth， without early skin contact. The bilirubin values of 24， 36， 48 and 72 hours after birth were monitored. The duration of successful breast-feeding， the duration of the first sucking， the time of the first meconium excretion， crying， plantar temperature and heart rate of the two groups were observed and recorded. Results The incidence of jaundice in the study group was only 26.7%， which was significantly lower than that in the control group （38.7%） （P<0.05）. The duration of first sucking in the study group was longer than that in the control group， the time of the duration of successful breast-feeding， the first meconium excretion in the study group were significantly shorter than those in the control group （P<0.05）. The duration of crying in 30， 60 and 120 minutes after birth in the study group was significantly shorter than that in the control group， the heart rate in the study group was lower than that in the control group， and the plantar temperature in the study group was higher than that in the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion The implementation of father′s early contact is helpful to the prevention of jaundice of newborns in natural childbirth.

[Key words] Father′s early skin contact; Natural delivery of newborns; Jaundice prevention

近年来，国内外各项研究发现，母婴皮肤早接触对新生儿有多方面益处。新生儿在出生后1 h内进行母婴早接触，可促进新生儿与母亲感情的建立，有助于母乳喂养成功率的提高。有研究发现，新生儿在出生后立即与母亲早接触有利于新生儿保温，可以提高新生儿免疫力，预防黄疸的发生[1-2]。但因各方面因素影响尤其是剖宫产胎儿与母体需要经过长时间后才可以接触，如母亲刚生产完身体的虚，会阴伤口的缝合造成的身体不适及疼痛，新生儿刚脱离母体环境对外界的陌生感导致新生儿的喂养出现问题等，导致母婴早接触的实施受到一定程度的限制，而此时父亲则处于一种“空档”状态。研究显示，父亲与新生儿在早期进行皮肤接触能促进新生儿整体情况的稳定，能比较迅速地让新生儿处在一个相对舒适稳定的状态，因此在这个时间段，应充分利用起父亲的角色，让父亲尽早参与照顾新生儿。……