船体加筋板与均质板结构对反舰导弹战斗部穿甲性能影响的对比分析

于辉 徐峰

摘    要：提高反舰导弹对舰船打击效果的有效途径，是使反舰导弹侵彻多层甲板后在舰船内部重要舱室爆炸。船体结构为由板材及型材组成的加筋板结构，是一种典型的非均匀结构。本文从反舰导弹战斗部飞行姿态、剩余速度和加速度等方面，开展了船体加筋板和均质板结构对战斗部穿甲性能影响的对比分析。研究表明：船体结构加强筋的存在，使反舰导弹战斗部处于一个复杂的运动状态中，而均质板结构对战斗部的飞行姿态几乎没有影响;战斗部受到加强筋腹板侧向挤压力冲量的作用，产生侧向速度，而均质板结构几乎没有侧向速度;战斗部的冲击加速度脉宽基本相同，但均质板结构对战斗部的冲击加速度峰值明显小于加强板结构。因此，均质板结构不能真实反映船体加筋板结构对战斗部飞行姿态、剩余穿甲能力和冲击特性的影响。

关键词：加筋板;均质板;战斗部;攻角;层间距

中图分类号：U663.6                                文献标识码：A

Abstract： The effective way to improve the attack effect of anti-ship missiles on ships is to make anti-ship missiles explode in important cabins of ships after penetrating multi-deck. The hull structure is a stiffened plate structure composed of plates and profiles， which is a typical non-uniform structure. From the aspects of warhead flight attitude， residual velocity and acceleration， this paper carries out a comparative analysis on the performances of warhead armor piercing by ship hull stiffened plate structure and homogeneous plate structure. The results show that the existence of stiffeners in the hull structure makes the warhead in a complex state of motion， and the homogeneous plate structure has little effect on the flight attitude of the warhead; the warhead is affected by the lateral extrusion impulse of the stiffener web， and generates lateral velocity， while the homogeneous plate structure has almost no lateral velocity; the pulse width of the impact acceleration of the warhead is basically the same， but the impact acceleration peak value of homogeneous plate structure on warhead is obviously smaller than that of stiffened plate structure. Therefore， the homogeneous plate structure can not truly reflect the influence of ship hull stiffening structure on warhead flight attitude， residual armor piercing capability and impact characteristics.

Key words： Stiffened plate; Homogeneous plate; Warhead; Attack angle; Layer spacing

1   引言

反艦导弹对舰船的攻击模式，多为动能穿甲后在舱内爆炸。提高反舰导弹对目标打击效果的有效途径，是使反舰导弹侵彻多层甲板后在舰船内部重要舱室爆炸[1]。船体结构为由板材及型材组成的加筋板结构[2]，是一种典型的非均匀结构，一般通过弹道终点参数来建立加筋板与均质靶之间的等效关系[3]，而舰船的加筋板结构对战斗部的弹道特性有明显影响[4-6]，它会使弹体在穿靶过程中发生偏转和侧移[5]。……