殷宏振 郭化磊 裴颖 晁旭 黄峰
[摘要] 肝细胞癌(HCC)是临床最常见的原发性肝脏恶性肿瘤,我国HCC患病率在世界范围内较高。HCC的恶性程度高,治疗困难,易复发,预后极差,因此,越来越多的研究集中于为HCC诊断、治疗和预后评估寻找新的分子标志物。长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)是非编码RNA中的一种。表达失调的lncRNA其本身充当癌基因或肿瘤抑制基因,参与恶性肿瘤的发生发展。新近研究发现,lncRNA表达失调参与了HCC的许多生物过程,本文主要总结梳理近年关于lncRNA在HCC肿瘤发生发展中作用的研究,为lncRNA用于HCC诊断、预后或作为治疗靶点提供相应理论依据。
[关键词] 长链非编码RNA;原发性肝癌;分子标志物;研究进展
[中图分类号] R735.7 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2019)07(b)-0034-05
Research progress of long noncoding RNA in primary liver cancer
YIN Hongzhen1* GUO Hualei1* PEI Ying1 CHAO Xu2 HUANG Feng3
1.The First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Province, Xianyang 712000, China; 2.Basic Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Province, Xianyang 712000, China; 3.Department of Hepatology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Province, Xianyang 712000, China
[Abstract] Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer in clinic. The prevalence of HCC in China is higher around the world. HCC is highly malignant, difficult to treat, prone to recurrence, with poor prognosis. Therefore, more and more studies focus on finding new molecular markers for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis evaluation of HCC. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is one of the non-coding RNA. The imbalanced expression of lncRNA acts as oncogene or tumor suppressor gene and participates in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors. Recent studies have found that the imbalance of lncRNA expression is involved in many biological processes of HCC. This paper mainly summarizes recent studies on the role of lncRNA in the occurrence and development of HCC tumors, and provides theoretical basis for the use of lncRNA in the diagnosis, prognosis or treatment of HCC.
[Key words] Long noncoding RNA; Primary liver cancer; Molecular markers; Research progress
原發性肝癌(以下简称“肝癌”)是指发生在肝细胞或肝内胆管细胞的癌肿,主要包括肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)、肝内胆管细胞癌(intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma,ICC)和来源于它们两者的混合型等病理类型[1]。我国肝癌患病率在世界范围内较高,其发病率占世界发病率达40%[2]。肝癌的恶性程度高,治疗困难,易复发,预后极差,其总体5年生存率为5%~9%[3]。早期识别风险患者、寻找新型诊断肝癌生物标志物及治疗靶点、深入了解HCC的分子发病进展机制便成为攻克肝癌的前提条件,但目前关于肝癌的恶性进展机制尚未完全阐明,并且临床上缺乏特异性肝癌生物标志物。
近年来,研究发现长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)表达异常与肿瘤发生发展存在相关性,其在诸多恶性肿瘤的早期诊断和临床治疗上具有重要潜在价值。观察发现lncRNA表达量与肝癌临床病例相关指标具有密切联系,lncRNA的失调是新发现的一种肿瘤进展作用机制[4]。……