基于单片机控制的汽车智能降温系统

2019-10-21 09:29:23高丽英
汽车实用技术 2019年12期

高丽英

摘 要:在高温曝晒下,汽车内部温度会急剧升高,会降低司乘人员驾驶舒适度甚至诱发身体疾病,导致“车内悲剧”,解决车内温度在曝晒下迅增问题急不可待。文章以半导体制冷片的peltier效应和太阳能光伏发电为技术核心,设计了一种高温曝晒下车内智能降温系统。系统由车体模块和控制模块两部分组成,通过对单片机进行功能控制,驱动半导体制冷模块运转,在不启动发动机的前提下完成车体的整个内外循环降温。通过理论计算,并设计fluent仿真、簡化装置及整车实体三个实验验证系统的可行性。实验结果表明,该系统可以实现系统环境与外界进行大气交换,实现了降温智能化、低碳化,同时通过车内温度实时监测及远程控制,提高了驾驶舒适性和安全性。

关键词:半导体制冷;光伏发电;智能降温;节能高效

中图分类号:TG156  文献标识码:A  文章编号:1671-7988(2019)12-39-06

Abstract: Under high temperature exposure, the internal temperature of the vehicle will rise sharply, which will reduce the driving comfort and even induce physical diseases, resulting in "tragedy in the vehicle". Therefore, it is urgent to solve the problem of rapid increase in the temperature in the vehicle under exposure. Based on the peltier effect of semiconductor cooling sheet and solar photovoltaic power generation technology, a kind of intelligent cooling system is designed in this paper. The system consists of two parts, the vehicle body module and the control module. Through the functional control of the single-chip microcomputer, the semiconductor refrigeration module is driven to run, and the whole internal and external cooling cycle of the vehicle is completed without starting the engine. The feasibility of the system is verified by theoretical calculation, fluent simulation, simplification device and vehicle entity experiments. The experimental results show that the system can exchange atmosphere between the system environment and the outside world, realize intelligent cooling and low carbonization, and improve driving comfort and safety through real-time monitoring and remote control of vehicle temperature.

Keywords: Semiconductor refrigeration; Photovoltaic power generation; Intelligent cooling; Energy conservation and efficient

前言

随着交通便捷程度的提高,汽车逐渐普及,汽车安全隐患成了关注焦点,其中高温下车体的安全隐患成为一种发生频率极高却不易引起注意的隐患。在高温曝晒下,汽车内部温度会急剧升高,车内高温对人体健康危害极大[1]。然而,目前常用于实现车体恒温的方式主要使用自动空调系统、智能换气系统、汽车防晒罩和化学降温剂等[2-4],其中,市场上最为主流的是依靠车体的空调降温,而这已经造成了巨大能耗,严重违背了国家“节能减排”的战略。而自动空调系统利用温度传感器、光照传感器,以及车窗雾气传感器收集车内环境信息,自动调节车温从而保持车内温度的恒定的。……

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