蛋鸡育雏期层叠笼养鸡舍不同位置生产性能及其与温湿度的相关性

刘玮　高金波　杨景晁　雷秋霞　韩海霞　曹顶国　周艳　刘杰　严华祥　李福伟

摘要：本研究监测并统计分析了新杨黑羽蛋鸡育雏期层叠笼养鸡舍前端、中部和后端三个位置不同时间段温湿度变化及鸡只体重、胫长、龙骨长、胸宽等生产性能的差异及其相关性。结果表明：育雏前期温度变化较为合理，后期温度较高;整个育雏期湿度波动较大;鸡舍前、中、后三个位置生产性能指标差异不显著，但均高于该品种标准;体重与胫长、胸宽和龙骨长呈显著正相关，温湿度与生产性能指标间相关性不显著，温湿度之间呈显著负相关。

关键词：新杨黑羽蛋鸡;育雏期;层叠笼养;不同位置;生产性能;温湿度

中图分类号：S831.91文献标识号：A文章编号：1001-4942（2019）10-0139-04

Production Performance of Laying Hens at Brooding Stage at

Different Positions and Correlation with Temperature and Humidity

Liu Wei1， Gao Jinbo1*， Yang Jingchao2， Lei Qiuxia1， Han Haixia1，

Cao Dingguo1， Zhou Yan1， Liu Jie1， Yan Huaxiang3， Li Fuwei1

（1. Institute of Poultry Science， Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Poultry Breeding

Engineering Technology Center of Shandong Province， Jinan 250023， China;

2. Shandong Animal Husbandry Station， Jinan 250000， China;

3. Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ National Poultry Engineering Technology Center， Shanghai 201106， China）

Abstract In this paper， the air temperature and humidity and performance of Xinyang black laying hens at brooding stage were monitored at anterior， middle and posterior of the hen house. The differences in the air temperature and humidity and the body weight， tibial length， keel length and chest width of laying hens in cascade cages were compared， and the correlation among them was analyzed. The results showed that the change of temperature was reasonable at the early stage of brooding and higher at the later stage. The humidity in the whole brooding period fluctuated greatly. The production performance indexes were not significantly different among the three positions， and they were all higher than the standards of the variety. The body weight was significantly positively correlated with tibia length， breast width and keel length. There were no significant correlations of air temperature and humidity with production performance. The correlation between air temperature and humidity was significantly negative.

Keywords Xinyang black laying hen; Brooding period; Cascade cage; Different locations; Production performance; Temperature and humidity

环境条件主要指环境温度、相对湿度、光照强度、气流速度和空气质量等[1]，对养鸡来说自然气候条件、饲养密度、鸡舍类型、鸡舍建筑材料、鸡舍宽度和高度、清粪方式、环境控制设备的使用状况等均影响着鸡舍内环境条件[2，3]，其中温度、湿度是影响鸡群健康和生产性能的最基本因素，也是重要因素[4]。蛋鸡育雏过程中，由于雏鸡体温调节机能尚未发育完善，对温度、湿度的反应更为敏感。国内关于温湿度对蛋鸡育雏期影响的研究尚未见报道。本试验利用温湿度监测仪对全封闭式蛋鸡育雏鸡舍内温湿度变化进行连续监测，并研究其对育雏鸡生产性能的影响，以期为鸡舍改造和舍内环境质量评估提供依据。

1 材料与方法

1.1 试验动物与管理