王琳 李铁林 曾健华 李丽和 黎宁 卜秋荣



摘 要: 建立了基于光电传感器的水质自动监测仪,对检出限、精密度、准确度、量程范围、零点漂移等性能指标进行测试,同时测试标准样品、实际水样及加标回收率。结果表明,各项性能指标均满足仪器测试要求;标准样品测定值在保证值范围内,水样的加标回收率为99.5%~108%。该仪器及其监测方法可用于环境突发事件的预警、应急监测和在线监测等领域。
关 键 词:铁;微型光电传感器;自动监测
中图分类号:TQ911; X853; X505 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1671-0460(2019)08-1740-04
Abstract: The determination method of iron in water by the automatic monitor with photoelectric sensor was established. The performance indexes of the method including the detection limit, precision, accuracy, measurement range and zero drift were tested. The standard sample and actual water sample were determined by the method, and the standard recovery rate was tested. The results indicated that all the performance indexes met the requirements of instrument testing, the laboratory test result of iron certified reference material was in the permission range, the recoveries of water samples ranged from 99.5% to 108%.The miniature photoelectric automatic monitoring instrument and the determination method are suitable for early warning, emergency monitoring and on-line monitoring of environmental emergencies.
Key words: iron; miniature photoelectric sensor; automatic monitoring
铁在地壳中的含量非常高,是动物维持生命和生长发育所必需的微量元素之一[1],同时也是人体内含量最多的必需微量元素[2]。铁在水质中主要以可溶态和不可溶态存在,其中可溶态铁对环境的变化比较敏感,水质中的Fe2+和 Fe3+有很强的水解能力[3]。在以稻米为主要营养和能量补给的亚洲地区,患有铁元素缺乏症的人数日渐增长[4],而过量摄入铁元素又可能导致血清铁蛋白(serum ferritin)的异常升高[5],并可能增加促成2型糖尿病的风险[6]。环保部门为了准确高效地了解地表水及企业排放废水中的铁含量,出台了很多有效的方案或规定,并颁布实施标准及技术规范。自动监测仪器[7]使环保部门在水污染预警和应急监测方面得到快速响应并能及时处置突发事件,为环保部门了解河流水质变化及企业在线检测排污口水质浓度提供硬件支撑及关键技术[8]。
目前水质中铁的分析方法主要有分光光度法等实验室方法[9-12]。……