镍对红裸须摇蚊幼虫的毒性效应

石雅峰 龙辰 赵枞 李若群 闫春财 刘文彬

摘要  [目的]以紅裸须摇蚊（Propsilocerus akamusi）幼虫为暴露对象，研究重金属镍对红裸须摇蚊幼虫的毒性及其对抗氧化酶系统的影响。[方法]采用急性毒性试验方法，计算半数致死浓度（LC50）。采用考马斯亮蓝G-250法测定蛋白质含量，采用可见光法测定CAT活性，采用WST-1法测定SOD活性，采用比色法测定POD活性。[结果]重金属镍对红裸须摇蚊4龄幼虫24、48、72、96 h LC50分别36.58、 12.36、2.21和0.66 mmol/L。镍胁迫红裸须摇蚊24 h后，各浓度组SOD和CAT活性均没有显著变化。48 h和72 h后，各浓度组与对照组存在显著差异;96 h后，SOD活性仅在高浓度时表现为显著增强的效应，各浓度组CAT活性表现为增强效应。

在24 h和48 h后，POD活性均没有显著变化，72 h后各浓度组POD活性呈现增强的趋势，96 h后POD 活性逐步下降。[结论]CAT和SOD活性在急性暴露期受到显著诱导，表现出相似的变化规律。POD活性表现为先下降后上升的趋势。

关键词  红裸须摇蚊;重金属镍;急性毒性试验;抗氧化酶

中图分类号  X  174文献标识码  A

文章编号  0517-6611（2020）04-0084-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2020.04.025

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Toxic Effects of Nickel Exposure on Propsilocerus akamusi Larva

SHI Ya-feng，LONG Chen，ZHAO Cong et al  （College of Life Sciences，Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance，Tianjin Normal University，Tianjin 300387）

Abstract  [Objective] To investigate the toxicity of heavy metal Ni to the larvae of Propsilocerus akamusi and its influences on the antioxidant enzymes system with P.akamusi as exposure object.[Method] Using acute toxicicity test method，the medium lethal concentration （LC50） was calculated by using SPSS software.The protein content was determined by Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 method，CAT activity was determined by visible light method，SOD activity was determined by WST-1 method，and POD activity was determined by colorimetry.[Result]LC50 of heavy metal nickel to 4-instar larva of P.akamusi for 24，48，72 and 96 h were 36.58，12.36，2.21，and 0.66 mmol/L，respectively.There was no significant change in SOD and CAT activities after Nickel exposure to P.akamusi larvae 24 h. After 48 and 72 h， there were significant differences between each concentration group and the control group.After 96 h，SOD activity was only significantly enhanced at high concentrations，while CAT activity was enhanced in each concentration group. POD activity showed no significant change after 24 h and 48 h，and POD activity  in each concentration group  showed an enhanced trend after 72 h and POD activity gradually decreased after 96 h.[Conclusion]The activities of CAT and SOD were significantly induced during acute exposure，showing similar changes.POD activity presented an first decreasing and then increasing trend.

Key words  Propsilocerus akamusi;Heavy metal Nickel;Acute toxicity test;Antioxidant enzymes

在过去的几十年里，有毒重金属导致的水体污染引起了人们的广泛关注[1-3]，与有机污染物不同的是重金属污染物无法被生物降解、具有很强的生物富集效应且对土壤的污染不可逆，对环境有较大的破坏力[4]。镍是一种在自然界中广泛存在的重金属，镍和镍化合物有较高的生产价值，比如镍矿的开采和提纯、电镀和镍镉电池的生产等[5]。工业化进程加重了水生生态系统的重金属污染状况。在常规水体环境中，Ni2+浓度为1～10 μg/L，但在一些严重污染的水体中镍的排放量会增加50～100倍[6]。……