黄振 郭琼霞 陈韶萍



摘要 [目的]为了促进果蔬进出口贸易和快速通关,防止瓜实蝇[Bactrocera cucurbitae(Coquillett)]进一步传入扩散,迫切需要开展适合实蝇快速鉴定技术的研究。[方法]应用SS-PCR技术,基于mtDNA COⅠ序列,设计了1对能够准确鉴定瓜实蝇的种特异性引物GF85和GR531。选用瓜实蝇作为阳性对照,南瓜实蝇[B.tau(Walker)]、具条实蝇[B.scutellata(Hendel)]等其他19种待测实蝇作为阴性对照,提取供试虫样基因组DNA,并进行PCR扩增和电泳检测。[结果]仅虫样瓜实蝇能在约447 bp位置扩增出一条清晰且单一的条带,其余的虫样未出现条带。[结论]将该试验建立的SS-PCR鉴定方法应用于实际进出境果蔬截获和疫情监测的虫样的鉴定,并得到验证,表明该方法具特异性、稳定性强,可在实际的实蝇鉴定工作中应用。
关键词 瓜实蝇,mtDNA COⅠ,种特异性引物,SS-PCR,快速鉴定
中图分类号 S433文献标识码 A
文章编号 0517-6611(2020)06-0083-04
Abstract [Objective]In order to promote the import and export trade of fruits and vegetables and rapid customs clearance,prevent further damage from Bactrocera cucurbitae(Coquillett),there is an urgent need to develop a rapid identification technology suitable for the fly.[Method]A pair of primers, GF85 and GR531, was designed and synthesized based on the mtDNA CO I sequence.B.cucurbitae(Coquillett) was chosen as the positive control and other 19 species of fruit flies including B.tau (Walker),B.scutellata (Hendel) and so on were used as the negative controls, for the PCR amplification and gel electrophoresis.[Result]Clear and single 447 bp band was amplified only in B.cucurbitae(Coquillett),but not in the other 19 fruit flies.[Conclusion]The SSPCR identification method established in this experiment has been applied and verified in inspection and quarantine, indicating that this method has high species specificity and can be applied in infestation monitoring and quarantine surveillance of fruit flies in ports.
Key words Bactrocera cucurbitae(Coquillett),mtDNA COI,Speciesspecific primers,Speciesspecific PCR (SSPCR),Rapid identification
瓜實蝇[Bactrocera cucurbitae(Coquillett)]是我国进境果蔬中的重要检疫性害虫,隶属于双翅目(Diptera)实蝇科(Tephritidae)果实蝇属(Bactrocera)。1913年,瓜实蝇在印度被 Bezzi 首次报道,目前分布于亚洲的巴基斯坦、尼泊尔、斯里兰卡、菲律宾、中国以及其他东南亚国家和地区,非洲的喀麦隆、埃及、肯尼亚、毛里求斯、坦桑尼亚等国家,大洋洲的澳大利亚、新几内亚、马里亚纳群岛和夏威夷群岛、所罗门群岛、罗塔、关岛群岛、瑙鲁以及南太平洋岛屿和美国南部[1]。在中国,主要分布在西南、华南、华东的部分地区以及台湾、香港等地区[2]。瓜实蝇寄主范围很广,主要有番石榴、桃、无花果、甜瓜、西瓜、辣椒、菜豆、苦瓜、南瓜和番茄等葫芦科和茄科等植物,为害种类超过120种[3]。……