肉制品低钠盐工艺研究进展

2020-06-04 08:15:41甄宗圆陈旭万双菊王童童季君珂
肉类研究 2020年4期

甄宗圆 陈旭 万双菊 王童童 季君珂

摘 要:肉制品在饮食结构中占有重要地位,钠盐在其风味、质构形成及贮藏过程中起着重要作用。随着日益增长的低盐饮食健康需求,肉制品钠盐含量较高的问题受到广泛关注。本文从钠盐替代物、品质改良剂、低钠盐加工工艺角度出发,综述近几年有关低钠盐肉制品研发和加工的研究进展,探讨降低肉制品中钠盐含量且尽量减小品质下降的有效措施。未来降盐研究应采用多种方法组合,从多个方向寻求突破,在安全、营养、品质、成本等维度寻找平衡点和探索方向。

关键词:低钠盐;钠盐替代物;品质改良剂;低钠盐肉制品加工;质构

Progress in the Development and Production of Low-Sodium Meat Products

ZHEN Zongyuan1,2, CHEN Xu2, WAN Shuangju2, WANG Tongtong2, JI Junke2

(1.College of Food and Drug, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, China;

2.College of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang 277160, China)

Abstract: Meat products are an important part of many peoples diets. Sodium chloride plays an important role in meat processing and preservation. With increasing health demand for low-salt diets, the high sodium content in  meat products is an issue of widespread concern. In this paper, we summarize recent progress in the development and production of

low-sodium meat products from the following aspects: sodium salt substitutes, quality improvers and processing technologies for low-sodium meat products, and we also discuss effective measures to reduce the sodium content in meat products and simultaneously minimize quality deterioration. Finally, we propose that in future studies, a combination of various methods should be used to seek breakthroughs in multiple directions, find a balance point among safety, nutrition, quality and cost, and explore new directions.

Keywords: low-sodium salt; sodium salt substitute; quality modifier; low-sodium meat products processing; texture

DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20200131-029

中圖分类号:TS251.5                                        文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-8123(2020)04-0100-07

引文格式:

甄宗圆, 陈旭, 万双菊, 等. 肉制品低钠盐工艺研究进展[J]. 肉类研究, 2020, 34(4): 100-106. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20200131-029.    http://www.rlyj.net.cn

ZHEN Zongyuan, CHEN Xu, WAN Shuangju, et al. Progress in the development and production of low-sodium meat products[J]. Meat Research, 2020, 34(4): 100-106. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20200131-029.    http://www.rlyj.net.cn

肉制品加工中添加的钠盐包括氯化钠等重要调味品,同时也存在于一些常规添加剂中。适量添加钠盐可增加肉制品持水能力,改善肉制品嫩度和多汁性[1],同时减少微生物滋生[2],起到防腐作用[3-4]。一定浓度的盐离子可以提高肌原纤维中肌球蛋白的溶解度,与脂肪颗粒相互作用,增强肉的乳化性[5]。另外,钠盐还对肉制品的色泽、质地、滋味及风味等起着非常重要的作用[6]。从饮食健康角度考虑,过量摄入钠盐会危及健康。《中国居民营养与健康状况调查报告》显示,我国居民钠盐日摄入量严重超标[7-8]。肉制品是饮食中钠的重要来源,主要以食盐形式加入,其他配料中也含钠盐[9],但使用量较少。……

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