谢婕 齐洪鑫 韩梅梅 蒋黎艳


摘要 随着我国果蔬加工业的迅速发展和人民生活水平的不断提高,由此产生的大量果蔬加工副产物不仅容易带来环境污染,同时因其富含的营养素和营养外化合物不能有效利用,还会造成宝贵资源的浪费。在介绍源于果蔬加工副产物的多种活性成分的基础上,着重阐述了果蔬加工副产物在开发创新性食品、酶制剂、抗氧化剂、抑菌剂、天然食品调味料、发酵固定化载体等食品工业中的应用,并对其发展前景进行了展望。
关键词 果蔬加工副产物;活性成分;食品工业
中图分类号 TS255文献标识码 A
文章编号 0517-6611(2020)11-0021-05
Abstract With the rapid development of fruit and vegetable processing industry and the improvement of peoples living standards,a large number of fruit and vegetable processing byproducts not only had a negative impact on the environment,but also led to the waste of resources as they are rich in nutrients and extranutrients.Various active ingredients derived from byproducts of fruit and vegetable processing were introduced,and their application in developing innovative foods,enzymes,antioxidants,antimicrobial agents,natural food seasonings,fermentation immobilized carriers and other food industries were expounded.Finally their development was prospected.
Key words Fruit and vegetable byproducts;Bioactive ingredients;Food industry
據统计,果蔬加工过程中可产生大约相当于50%原材料的果皮、果核、果渣、未成熟或损坏的水果和蔬菜等副产物[1-2]。这些副产物大多直接被丢弃,极易造成环境污染。此外,果蔬加工副产物因其富含各类营养素和非营养素成分,是蛋白质、多糖、维生素、粗纤维、矿物质、植物甾醇、必需脂肪酸和抗氧化剂等良好的天然来源,可作为高附加值产品的回收资源[3-5]。更重要的是,与化学合成物相比,用果蔬加工副产物提取的天然成分来开发具有生物活性的产品更容易被消费者接受。目前,国内外对果蔬加工副产物中的活性成分有一定的应用研究,然而这些研究与每年产生的副产物
数量相比,其利用率和开发程度远远不够,且目前的开发主
要是针对具体果品的副产物进行处理,缺乏从活性成分上进行全面的综合分析和利用。……